论阿尔都塞结构主义马克思主义的批判性文艺思想  

On Althusserian Critical Theory of Literature and Art of the Structualist Marxism

作　　者：陶国山[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中文系

出　　处：《南京社会科学》2016年第7期110-117,147,共9页Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"西方马克思主义批判性文艺思想研究"(13CZW002);教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目"西方马克思主义者对经典文艺作品的阐释研究"(11YJC752019);中国博士后科学基金第55批面上资助项目的研究成果

摘　　要：阿尔都塞以独特的理论迂回方式,通过对马克思著作的结构主义症候式解读为马克思主义赋予新的持续的生命力,奠定了其重要的马克思主义理论家的地位。在文艺批评上,他以马克思主义结构式"症候"分析强调艺术的强大批判性力量所在:在对社会现实的再现层面,无产阶级最底层人们的贫苦生活,经由情节剧意识也即艺术意识最直观地被呈现出来,让人们意识到自身的现实悲剧处境;在意识形态层面,艺术使人们通过内在距离感知和认识意识形态,激发人们的自我意识和批判意识。而真正的批判只能是内在的批判,即要想成为有意识的批判,首先应该是真实的和物质的批判。他揭示了艺术作品本身所具有的哲学内涵,肯定艺术批判对其哲学事业的巨大启发,将二者有效地结合起来。The structualist symptomatic reading Marxist works for Althusser endowed Marxism with new and sustainable life. He thought Marxist works themselves,as the theory of productive knowledge,were scientific ones which had been received as fortune. With a radical cultural ctitique,Althusser made us feel the very strong power of critical theory of art through the symptomatic reading literary works： of the ideological aspect,we can feel and recognize the ideology of art through our inner distance in order to inspire our self and critical consciousness; while of the representation of the social reality,the life of the proletarian poor people had been expressed directly through the consciousness of melodrama,which made us realize the real tragedy. Althusser stressed,the real critique only was the inner one,but before the conscious critique,it should be the real and natural one. All in all,he explored the philosophical content of art and confirmed his philosophy career inspired from art theory.

关 键 词：阿尔都塞 结构主义马克思主义 症候式 意识形态 文艺批判 

分 类 号：I01[文学—文学理论]