改进的帧差法在空间运动目标检测中的应用  

Application of an Improved Frame Difference Method in Space Moving Target Detection

作　　者：王恩旺[1] 王恩达[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院紫金山天文台,江苏南京210008 [2]楚雄师范学院信息科学与技术学院,云南楚雄675000

出　　处：《天文研究与技术》2016年第3期333-339,共7页Astronomical Research & Technology

基　　金：中国科学院国防科技创新基金(CXJJ-14-S106)资助

摘　　要：针对空间运动目标检测易受光照、云层等因素的干扰,导致在没有出现运动目标的情况下,错误地判断为检测到运动目标,设计了一种改进的帧差算法,把帧差法和背景减除法相结合,周期性地把当前帧更新为背景帧。先对待检测图像进行二值化处理,有效消除了光照、云层等噪声因素,并且强化了空间目标的图像,然后通过帧差法检测出空间目标。实验表明,该方法有效降低了空间运动目标的误判率,改进的算法不需要把每一帧图像作为背景帧,提高了运行速度,也不需要对背景进行统计建模,简化了背景的建立过程,算法易于实现,操作简单,资金投入少,灵敏度高,具有较高的实用价值。Space moving targets are often mistakenly detected even when they do not appear because the detection process is easily interfered by light,clouds and other factors. In order to solve this problem,we propose an improved frame difference algorithm, which combines the frame difference method with the background subtraction method and updates the current frame as the background frame periodically,namely,it makes the binarization processing to the images to be detected at the first step. This process can effectively eliminate such noise factors as light and clouds,and intensify the images of space targets,and then help the frame difference algorithm to detect space targets. According to the experiments,this method can effectively decrease the false detection rate of space moving targets. There is no need for the improved algorithm to put each updated frame as a background or make a statistical model of the background,so it improves the operating speed and simplifies the process of establishing the background. This algorithm is easy to implement and simple to operate. With low investment and high sensitivity it has great practical value.

关 键 词：帧差法 空间目标 运动目标检测 二值图 背景减除法 

分 类 号：P123[天文地球—天体测量]