干细胞再生生物学研究及临床应用的道德伦理问题探讨  

Discuss of Ethics Problems of Stem Cell Regeneration Biology Research and Clinical Application

作　　者：郭玲[1] 李忠光[1] 杨荣华[1] 薛雅卓[1] 王春慧[1] Hiroshi Takeshima MengMeng Xu 刘万红[4] Jianjie Ma William Isaacs 徐学红[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学生命科学学院,西安710119 [2]Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan [3]MSTP, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, USA [4]武汉大学基础医学院,武汉430030 [5]Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, USA [6]Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA

出　　处：《医学与社会》2016年第7期47-49,65,共4页Medicine and Society

基　　金：US Maryland Stem Cell Research Fund,编号为2009MSCR FE008300;国家自然科学基金面上项目,编号为31371256;教育部中央高校团队项目,编号为GK20130100;教育部外事局“海外名师”项目,编号为MS2014SXSF038;秦巴山区持续发展中心项目,编号为CIC-QBRSD

摘　　要：干细胞具有分化为人类个体中250余种细胞的特性,该特性使再生生物学成为当今生命科学研究中最受瞩目的领域。美国和欧洲国家对干细胞研究的监管十分严格,其中一个重要原因是干细胞研究应用的道德伦理尚没有明确的界定。本文就以下几个问题进行讨论:干细胞科学研究中的伦理道德问题,干细胞再生生物学应用前景引发的科研道德问题;克隆人类胚胎以解决器官移植的材料短缺,人类干细胞来源和"生命废料"是否具有生存权等干细胞临床应用的伦理学问题;制定的国际伦理准则或法则应该对未来干细胞成果引发的伦理问题有所预见。应尽快厘清干细胞研究、临床应用与伦理道德之间的关系,加快建立相应法律法规,保证干细胞再生生物学研究在世界范围内造福人类健康。Stem cells have a pluripotency to develop to over 250 different cells composed of human body. This characteristic makes stem cell regeneration biology a most attention field of today＇s life science research. USA and European countries have been enforced long- term limit on human Stem Cell（ SC） research. One of the reasons is that there is no clear definition of the ethics of stem cell research and application. In this study,the discussions focus on：（ 1 Ethical issues in stem cell science and the moral issues in scientific research on the prospects of stem cell regenerative biology application.（ 2） Cloning human embryos in order to solve ethical issues in stem cells clinical application such as materials shortage of organ transplantation,human stem cell source and whether the ＂ life wastes＂ have the right to survive and so on.（ 3） New International ethical guidelines should be in opposition to cover future ethical issues generated from the most recent stem cell researches. To clarify relationship between stem cell research,clinical application and ethic morality as soon as possible,accelerate the establishment of relevant laws and regulations is undoubtedly the urgent need to protect stem cell regeneration biology research for the benefit of human health in the world.

关 键 词：干细胞再生生物 道德伦理 法律法规 

分 类 号：H19-019[语言文字—汉语] R163.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]