从汉代医简看祝由术的禳病法  

A study of Zhu-You disease-treatment based on the medical books of the Han dynasty

作　　者：石琳[1] 胡娟[1,2] 钟如雄[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学文学与新闻传播学院,四川成都610041 [2]西南大学汉语言文献研究所,重庆400715

出　　处：《云南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第4期134-139,共6页Journal of Yunnan Normal University：Humanities and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：西南民族大学博士学位点建设资助项目(2016XWP-S0502);国家社会科学基金2012年度重大招标项目“简帛医书综合研究”(12zd115)阶段性成果之一

摘　　要：《黄帝内经》中的"祝由",前人或训为"祝说病由",或训为"联绵词",均为穿凿臆测。本文从"祝"与"由"的字形嬗变及其意义源流入手考释,以出土帛书《五十二病方》的语料为依据,证明"祝由"是述补结构,在汉代以前表示向鬼神祈祷以禳除疾病。"祝由"术能禳除的疾病主要是外伤外疮类,诸如蜂蜇伤、蝎蜇伤、蛇咬伤、蝾螈咬伤,或瘊子、痈疽、漆疮等,而最常用的禳除法是:祈祷法、祈祷与行为配合疗法;祈祷与药物配合疗法;祈祷与行为、药物综合疗法,绝对不存在"诅咒"的言行。The term Zhu-You in the medical classic The Inner Canon of Huangdi was explained as ＂pray for the cause of diseases＂ , or regarded as a two-character rhymed word,which is incorrect. This paper studies its changes in form and meaning by using the unearthed silk-paper medical book Prescriptions for Fifty-two Diseases as the research corpus and proves that Zhu-You is a predicate-complement structure which was used before the Han dynasty with the meaning of ＂praying to the ghost and God for dispelling diseases＂; for examples, injury or skin sores like bee stings, scorpion stings, snakebites,newt bites,verrucae, ulcers and lacquer dermatitis. The popular methods were praying, or praying plus action, or praying plus medicine, or praying plus action and medicine, but no curse of any kind.

关 键 词：汉代医简 祝由术 禳病法 

分 类 号：H121[语言文字—汉语]