一种用于离心压缩机转子稳定性控制的电磁阻尼器设计及应用  

Design and application of an electromagnetic damper for the stability control of a centrifugal compressor rotor system

作　　者：牛晓东[1] 王维民[1] 李启行[1] 邵星[1] 翟功涛 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学机电工程学院,北京100029

出　　处：《北京化工大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第4期109-114,共6页Journal of Beijing University of Chemical Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51135001/51275028);北京高等学校青年英才计划(YETP0495)

摘　　要：为提升转子稳定性,解决流程工业对高参数(高流量、高压比)压缩机的需求,针对密封力会降低系统稳定性的情况,在转子的解析模型中引入交叉刚度项,进行了转子失稳的理论分析,并指出了其失稳的机理和抑制失稳的方法;基于抑制失稳的机理,设计了反向交叉刚度控制和主动阻尼控制两种控制策略。设计了用于控制的电磁阻尼器,理论预测并实验标定了其电磁力性能参数。搭建了柔性转子稳定性控制的实验台,模拟制造干扰的交叉刚度力使得转子出现低频并进入濒临失稳状态;采用反向交叉刚度和主动阻尼的控制策略进行了稳定性控制实验,结果表明两种方法均能有效消除转子失稳时的分频振动响应。This article focus on improving the stability of rotors,in order to meet the demand for high parameter（ large flow and high pressure ratio） centrifugal compressors in the processing industry. Since sealing force will reduce the stability of the system,cross stiffness was introduced into the analytical model of the rotor. A theoretical analysis of rotor instability has been carried out and the principle of instability and the method of restraining instability are proposed. Based on the principle of restraining instability,two control strategies have been designed,namely reverse cross stiffness control and active damping control. An electromagnetic damper has been designed,so that the electromagnetic force performance can be predicted theoretically and calibrated by experiment. A flexible rotor test rig for stability control has also been built and used to simulate the cross stiffness force which makes the rotor unstable. Control experiments using the reverse cross stiffness control strategy and active damping control strategy have been carried out. The results show that the two methods can effectively eliminate the vibration response of the rotor when the rotor is unstable. The electromagnetic damper designed in this paper has high reliability and adjustable damping force,which can provide a solution for the stability control of the compressor rotor.

关 键 词：离心压缩机 电磁阻尼器 转子 稳定性控制 

分 类 号：TH452[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]