秦岭造山带基础地质研究新进展  

New advances in the geological study of the Qinling orogen

作　　者：杨志华[1] 郭俊锋[1] 苏生瑞[1] 李勇[1] 苏春乾[1] 张传林[2] 黑爱芝[1] 梁云[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学地球科学学院和国土资源部成矿作用及其动力学开放研究实验室,西安710054 [2]南京地质矿产研究所,南京210016

出　　处：《中国地质》2002年第3期246-256,共11页Geology in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(49272136); 国家计委(96-30-43); 国家科技部(96-914-01-04); 国土资源部"九五"陕甘川(95-02-022-01)项目资助的部分成果

摘　　要：“八五”—“九五”期间秦岭的多项研究中,主要取得以下新认识:①创立了抽拉-逆冲岩片构造新理论,丰富和发展了岩石圈板块或壳块运动方式的多样性;②发现了东西向的秦岭造山带从显生宙以来有南北向的隆升带和沉积盆地,特别是太白、宝鸡-佛坪-汉南隆升带的发现,将从根本上改变秦岭乃至中国中东部构造格架的认识;③南北向沉积盆地转变为东西向造山带的Ⅱ型造山带,深部构造岩片抽拉-逆冲推覆在中(新)生代陆相沉积盆地之上所形成的Ⅲ型造山带,为地壳表层增添了两种新型的造山带;④提出秦岭造山带中存在3类沉积盆地,3种盆-山转换,3个发展阶段及3种型式(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ)的造山带;⑤重新厘定商丹带、勉略带和二郎坪带的构造属性、形成时代,首次提出秦岭受3种体制,4个发展阶段的新观点,由抽拉构造形成的陆内造山带是秦岭最重要的划时代发展阶段;⑥提出立交桥式结构观点;⑦发现了一批前震旦系变质地层结晶岩系,重新厘定了一些地层的时代,特别是西秦岭、西成铅锌矿田中元古代地层的发现和超大型厂坝矿床产于其中,有重大的理论和实际意义;⑧提出准浊流态流体的新概念;⑨提出中国和秦岭大地构造发展演化的新全球动力学理论。During the Eighth and Ninth Five-Year Plan periods,major deve lo pments were made in geolog-ical studies of the Qinling-Bashan region:(1)c reation of the new theory of choula(drawing)thrust sheet tectonics,which en riched and developed the diversity of the movement modes of the lithospheric plates or crustal blocks;(2)discoveries of N-S-trending uplift zones and sedimentary basins in the E-W-trending Qinling orogen,especially the discov ery of the Taibai uplift zone and Baoji-Foping-Hannan uplift zone,which will bring about a radical change of our understanding of the tectonic framework of the Qinling Mountains and even east-central China;(3)recognition of two new types of orogen for the supracrustal layers,type-Ⅱand type-Ⅲ,th e former being E-W-trending orogens transformed from N-S-trending sedimenta ry basins and the latter being those formed by drawing-out and thrusting of deep tec-tonic sheets over Meso-Cenozoic continental sedimentary basins ;(4 )recognition of the existence of three types of sedimentary basins ,three k inds of basin-range transformation,three development stages and three types (Ⅰ,ⅡandⅢ)of orogen;(5)reassessment of the tectonic natures and ages of the Shangdan,Mi-anlue and Erlangping tectonic belts and first proposition of the new view that the development of the Qinling orogen was controlled by three tectonic systems and went through four evolution stages and that the i ntracontinental orogen formed by drawing-out tectonism was the most important development stage;(6)first presentation of overpass structure;(7)disc overy of some pre-Sinian metamorphic crystalline series and reassessment of the ages of some strata,especially the discovery of the Mesoproterozoic str ata in the Xicheng lead-zinc ore field in the West Qinling,in which the superl arge Changba deposit is hosted;(8)presentation of the new concept of para -turbiditic fluid;and(9)advancement of a new geodynamic hy-pothesis conc erning the tectonic evolution of the Qinling orogen and the continent of Chin a.

关 键 词：秦岭造山带 基础地质 抽拉构造 陆内造山带 中国 全球动力学 

分 类 号：P542.2[天文地球—构造地质学]