冲突控制是领域一般性的还是领域特殊性的?  

Is Conflict Control Domain-general or Domain-specific?

作　　者：向玲[1] 高晓琳[1] 贾露霞 王宝玺[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学心理学院,南昌330022 [2]中国科学院心理研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《心理科学》2016年第4期827-834,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(31560282);江西省社会科学规划项目(14JY32);江西省博士后科研项目(2015KY60)的资助

摘　　要：本研究采用整合交叉范式整合了Stroop任务和Simon任务,在双重认知控制的框架下探讨冲突控制是领域一般性的还是领域特殊性的问题。结果发现:序列一致性效应只出现在任务内,不出现于任务间,显示对冲突的反应性控制具有领域特殊性;比例一致性效应不仅出现在同种任务中,而且扩展到不同任务中,显示对冲突的主动性控制具有领域一般性。本研究结果对于理解认知控制的本质和机制具有重要意义。The proportion congruent （PC） effect and sequential congruent （SC） effect are the two well-known effects associated with conflict control. In the framework of the dual model of cognitive control, the SCE is believed to reflect the reactive control and PCE is believed to reflect the proactive control. An important issue when studying cognitive controls is whether the two cognitive controls are domain-general or domain-specific. The present study used factorial task-crossing designs to combine the color Stroop task and Simon task by presenting the color word at peripheral location, such that each stimulus can be congruent or incongruent with respect to both Stroop and Simon conflict at the same time. Meanwhile, we introduced a proportion congruency manipulation for the Stroop conflict task, whereas the Simon conflict was displayed with the same incongruent-to- congruent ratio. For the SC effect, we submitted the mean RTs and accurate rates to a 2 ~ 2 x 2 x 2 ANOVA with factors of previous Stroop congruence （congruent, incongruent）, previous Simon congruence （congruent, incongruent）, current Stroop congruence （congruent, incongruent） and current Simon congruence （congruent, incongruent）. The results showed that there was a significant previous Stroop congruence x current Stroop congruence interaction. The two-way interaction between previous Simon congruence and current Simon congruence was also significant. Thus, the within-type SC effect was significant in both the Stroop and the Simon conflicts. However, the Stroop conflict on the previous trial did not interact with the Simon conflict on the current trial and the Simon congruence on the previous trial did not interact significantly with the Stroop congruence on the current trial. There was no evidence for across-type conflict adaptation, suggesting that the reactive control reflected by the SC effect is domain-specific. For the PC effect, we carried out a 2 × 2 × 2 repeated measure ANOVA with mean RTs and accurate rates, with the prop

关 键 词：认知控制 反应性控制 主动性控制 序列一致性效应 比例一致性效应 

分 类 号：B842.1[哲学宗教—基础心理学]