表观遗传修饰在阿尔兹海默病中的研究进展  

Research progress of epigenetics in Alzheimer's disease

作　　者：陈紫微[1] 唐霖[1] 刘福和[1] 张莉静[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江医药高等专科学校,宁波315000

出　　处：《生命科学》2016年第7期757-765,共9页Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences

基　　金：宁波市自然科学基金项目(2016A610238)

摘　　要：表观遗传是指在不改变基因序列的情况下,通过对基因进行可逆性修饰改变基因表达。阿尔兹海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)是一种最常见的神经退行性疾病,表现为进行性记忆缺失、脑萎缩、脑内形成淀粉样斑块和神经纤维缠结。表观遗传学修饰在AD的发生发展中具有重要作用。综述了DNA甲基化、组蛋白乙酰化、microRNA等表观遗传修饰对AD中的记忆缺失、APP水解、Aβ淀粉样斑块形成、Tau蛋白磷酸化、氧化应激等现象的影响及其机制。Epigenetics refers to heritable changes in gene expression, caused by modifications which do not involve alterations in DNA sequence. Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） is the most common age-dependent neurodegenerative disorder and shows progressive memory loss and brain atrophy. Intraneuronal filaments composed of aggregated hyperphosphorylated tau protein, called neuro-fibrillary tangles, along with extracellular accumulations of amyloid [3 protein （A~）, called senile plaques, are known to be the neuropathological hallmarks of AD. Recent studies have suggested that epigenetic mechanisms may play a pivotal role in AD course and development. In this review, we summarize recent advances on change of memory loss, APP hydrolysis, AI3 protein formation, tau protein phosphorylation, oxidative stress caused by common epigenetic modifications （DNA methylation, histone modifications, microRNA）.

关 键 词：阿尔兹海默病 表观遗传 DNA甲基化 组蛋白修饰 MICRORNA 

分 类 号：Q34[生物学—遗传学] R742[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]