中华结缕草和皱叶酸模对重金属铅和镉胁迫的生理生化响应  

Response to the Stress of Pb and Cd on the Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of ZoysiasinicaHance and RumexCrispus

作　　者：刘玥[1] 郭文强[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西大同大学煤炭工程学院,山西大同037003 [2]山西大同大学医学院,山西大同037000

出　　处：《土壤通报》2016年第3期730-737,共8页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(SJ08-ZT08-3)资助

摘　　要：在浓度为0、10、20、30、40、50、60 mg L^(-1)的铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)以及Pb-Cd复合胁迫下,研究中华结缕草和皱叶酸模体内丙二醛、脯氨酸、以及酶活性变化状况,分析在重金属胁迫下中华结缕草和皱叶酸模对Pb、Cd的生理生化反应和向上运输能力。研究结果表明,(1)在重金属胁迫下,中华结缕草和皱叶酸模体内SOD、POD活性随胁迫浓度升高而升高,超过植物承受能力后活性迅速下降,植物表现为叶片枯黄、失活。在的Pb-Cd复合胁迫下,中华结缕草和皱叶酸模体内的SOD活性、POD活性比单一重金属胁迫下更强,相对应受到的损害更严重。(2)中华结缕草和皱叶酸模的电导率随重金属胁迫浓度上升而上升且植物体内的Pro含量关系为:Pb-Cd胁迫Cd胁迫Pb胁迫。中华结缕草和皱叶酸模体内Pro在0 mg L^(-1)到30mg L^(-1)的重金属Pb、Cd胁迫下上升速率最快,且电导率变化显著。(3)在Pb和Pb-Cd复合胁迫下,中华结缕草对重金属的去除效果比皱叶酸模强,但在Cd胁迫下,去除效果比皱叶酸模差。中华结缕草和皱叶酸模对重金属的去除效果随着胁迫浓度先上升后下降,只有在适宜的胁迫浓度下,对重金属才具有良好的去除效果,浓度过高和过低均会使植物对重金属去除效果下降。Pb-Cd复合胁迫使中华结缕草和皱叶酸模的对Pb,Cd的去除效果显著降低。(4)研究发现随着Pb胁迫浓度上升,中华结缕草的根系活力在下降,但向上运输能力增强,分析影响根系向上运输能力的主要因素是根系内的酶。植物根系活力表现为先增后降。除此之外,重金属胁迫对植物根系活跃吸收面积影响较大,对总吸收面积影响比较小。Under the stress of Pb, Cd and Pb-Cd at concentrations of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 mg L^（-1）, this study analyzed the MAD, Pro, Enzyme activities in Zoysiasinica Hance and Rumexcrispus and the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Zoysiasinica Hance and Rumexcrispus. The results showed that：（1） Under the stress of heavy metal, the SOD and POD activities increased with the stress concentration increasing, the activities would be decreased rapidly beyond the tolerance of plants, and the leaves would be yellow and inactivated. The activities of SOD and POD in Zoysiasinica Hance and Rumexcrispus were higher under the compound stress than under the single stress of Pb and Cd. And the damage of plant was more serious.（2） The electrical conductivity increased with the stress concentration increasing and the content of Pro in plant was Pb-Cd（stress） Cd（stress） Pb（stress）. The content of Proin Zoysiasinica Hance and Rumexcrispus increased at the fastest rate between 0 mg L^（-1）and 30 mg L^（-1）under the stress of heavy metal Pb, Cd and the changes of electrical conductivity was the most significant.（3） Zoysiasinica Hance had a strong ability of removing heavy metals than Rumexcrispus under the stress of Pb and Pb-Cd, but the contrary result was found under the stress of Cd. The removal effect of heavy metal in Zoysiasinica Hance and Rumexcrispus showed the first increased and then decreased trend with the stress of concentration. This effect was well under the suitable stress concentration and decreased under too low or too high concentration. The compound stress of Pb-Cd significantly decreased the removal effect of Pb and Cd.（4） The root activities of Zoysiasinica Hance decreased, but the upward transport capacity enhanced with the increase in the Pb-stress concentrations,. This may be mainly caused by the enzyme in plant root. The root activity showed first increased and then decreased trend. In addition, the stress of heavy metal had big influence on root active abs

关 键 词：中华结缕草 皱叶酸模 重金属 酶活性 根系活力 丙二醛 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]