一种非对等无线传感器网络环境中安全高效的混合密钥管理机制  

Secure and Efficient Hybrid Key Management Mechanism in Heterogeneous WSN

作　　者：王刚[1] 孙良旭[1] 曾子维[1] 杨丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁科技大学软件学院,鞍山114051

出　　处：《计算机科学》2016年第7期153-156,185,共5页Computer Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61402213);辽宁科技大学校青年基金项目(2014QN19)资助

摘　　要：密钥管理是实现WSN安全的首要功能。针对非对等无线传感网络中现有密钥管理存在的安全隐患和开销大等问题,提出一种安全高效的密钥管理机制。该机制包括一个基于椭圆曲线密码的轻量级签密算法,该签密不仅计算和通信代价小,还具有较好的前向安全性。基于提出的签密算法设计了完整的簇密钥管理机制,用于保证簇内通信的安全性。该机制基于簇基密钥构建各簇中的对称簇密钥,能够有效解决因簇首被俘而导致簇中所有感知节点失效的问题。为了更好地适应网络的动态性和扩展性,当网络节点变化和移动时,该机制能够基于簇密钥更新链有效地对簇密钥进行更新和维护。同时,还设计了簇密钥安全管理模型,模型能够根据网络环境安全威胁的不同,自适应进行簇密钥的更新,从而进一步提高了簇密钥更新的效率和算法性能。安全分析和性能对比表明,提出的机制在安全性和开销方面均胜于已有的其他密钥管理机制。Key management is crucially important for all security goals in WSNs. For solving the security vulnerabilities and heavy overhead problems of the existing key managements in heterogeneous WSN, a key management mechanism was put forward. The mechanism includes an ECC-based lightweight sigcryption algorithm which can not only cost less computation and communication, but also have better forward security. An entire cluster key management protocol is designed based on the above sigcryption that can ensure the communication security in the cluster and use cluster base key to generate the cluster key in each cluster. The employment of cluster base key can effectively avoid all SNs being inva- lid when CH is captured. To adapt the dynamic and scalability characteristic of WSN, the cluster key can be effectively refreshed and maintained by utilizing the cluster key refresh chain. In addition, a cluster key security management model was proposed which can self-adaptively refresh the cluster key according to the change of network environment thread and further improve the cluster key refreshment performance. The contrast results show that the presented mechanism is better than other existing mechanisms in terms of security and protocol performance.

关 键 词：密钥管理 非对等WSN 椭圆曲线密码 签密 簇密钥 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]