流动人口身份认同的代际差异研究  

The Study on Intergenerational Difference in Floating Population's Status Identity

作　　者：杨菊华[1] 吴敏[1] 张娇娇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学社会与人口学院

出　　处：《青年研究》2016年第4期9-18,94,共10页Youth Studies

基　　金：教育部重大课题攻关项目"中国流动人口社会融合研究"(13JZD024)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：青年群体已成为流动人口的主力军,其身份认同对实现自身在流入城市的继续社会化、流入城市留住宝贵的人力资源和推动产业结构升级意义重大。通过代际比较研究发现,身份认同存在等级递进:"融入于人"意愿最强、长期居留意愿次之、本地人身份认同度最低;青年群体的认同意愿和认同结果均弱于老生代,但差距在制度约束低、人文环境浓郁、发展机遇多的城市缩小,且代际差异在户籍的互动作用下消失。这说明,客观户籍制度下的"内外之别"对两代群体的认同极具约束力,但青年群体身份认同建立在流入城市对自己接纳的基础上,外在环境的变化易导致其心理冲突甚至行为冲突;年长者的城市阅历使其对自我的身份认知更稳定。Youth group has become the main force of floating population,their status identity is very important for realizing their continuous socialization in inflowing cities,holding precious human resources for inflowing cities and improving promotion of industrial structure. According to the study on intergenerational comparison,we find that there exists grade improvement in status identity. For floating population,they have the strongest intention to be assimilated into inflowing cities,but are less likely to reside in inflowing cities for long term. They identify themselves least as local residents. For young group,both identity intention and identity result are weaker than older generation,but in the cities with lower system constraint,dense humanistic environment and more development opportunities,the difference is decreasing,and the intergenerational difference has disappeared under the interaction of household registration. This suggests that 'difference between inside and outside ' under objective household registration system might restrain the identity of these two intergenerational groups,but for young group,their status identity is based on the acceptance of inflowing cities,the change of external environment is liable to cause their mental conflict and even behavioral conflict; for older people,their experience in city life is liable to cause more stable cognition of self-status.

关 键 词：流动人口 身份认同 新生代 社会融合 

分 类 号：C92-05[社会学—人口学]