吞水试验指导进食方式在脑梗死患者吸入性肺炎发生中的评估作用  

Aspiration risk assessment of water-swallowing test in the occurrence of aspiration pneumonia in patients with cerebral infarction

作　　者：朱元州[1] 祝伟[2] 贺泉安 贺守城[1] 朱伟[1] 胡量子[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学附属天佑医院重症医学科,430064 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院

出　　处：《中国综合临床》2016年第7期601-603,共3页Clinical Medicine of China

摘　　要：目的探讨吞水试验在脑梗死患者吸入性肺炎发生中的评估作用。方法选择127例脑梗死患者，应用随机数字表法随机分为吞水组（吞水试验）和对照组（经验指导进食），观察两组患者鼻饲率以及治疗3、6个月时吸入性肺炎的发生率。结果吞水组鼻饲率高于对照组[27．6％（21／76）与11．8％（6／51），χ2=4．590，P=0．032]；3、6个月时对照组吸入性肺炎发生率高于吞水组[17．6％（9／51）与1．3％（1／76），19．6％（10／51）与3．9％（3／76），χ2值分别为9．080、6．530，P均〈0．05]。讨论吞水试验指导患者进食方式是一种简单可行的评估脑梗死患者吸入性肺炎发生风险的方法，较经验性选择鼻饲好，可有效降低吸入性肺炎发生的风险。Objective To investigate the effect Qf swallowing water test in the occurrence of aspiration pneumonia in patients with cerebral infarction. Methods One hundred and twenty-seven cases patients with cerebrovascular disease were randomly divided into two groups：swallow water group and control group, who were guided food program according to the result of swallow water test or experience. The number of two groups to use nasal feeding and the number of cases of the two groups occurred aspiration pneumonia in 3,6 months were observed. Results The nasal feeding rate of swallow water group was higher than that of control group （ 27. 6% （ 21/76） vs. 11.8% （ 6/51 ）, χ2 = 4. 590, P = 0. 032）. After 3,6 months, the incidence of aspiration pneumonia of control group were higher than that of swallow water group（ 17. 6% （ 9/51 ） vs. 1.3% （ 1/76）, 19. 6% （ 10/51 ） vs. 3.9% （ 3/76）, χ2 = 9. 080,6. 530, P〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Water-swallowing test is a simple and practical method for assessment risk of aspiration pneumonia of patients with cerebral infarction, which is more effectively to reduce the risk of aspiration pneumonia than the empiric selection method of nasal feeding.

关 键 词：吞水试验 脑梗死 吸入性肺炎 鼻饲 

分 类 号：R743[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]