铁素体不锈钢餐具铬离子析出量超标的原因分析  

Reasons Analysis on Emanation Quantity Over-proof of Chromium Ions in Ferritic Stainless Steel Utensils

作　　者：黄子东 江乙逵 陈惠波 陈丽玲 林俊铭 洪泽浩 魏亮新 

机构地区：[1]广东省揭阳市质量计量监督检测所,揭阳522000 [2]国家不锈钢制品质量监督检验中心(广东),揭阳522000

出　　处：《理化检验（物理分册）》2016年第7期489-493,共5页Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis(Part A:Physical Testing)

摘　　要：某430铁素体不锈钢餐具在进行重金属迁移量检验时,发现铬离子析出量严重超标。通过电化学动电位再活化法测试该430铁素体不锈钢试样的腐蚀敏感性,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪对试样的腐蚀形貌、显微组织和表面碳、铬元素分布情况进行分析。结果表明:在430铁素体不锈钢餐具的生产过程中,由于热处理工艺不当导致杂质碳化物的偏析以及马氏体残余,进而在腐蚀介质中发生原电池腐蚀反应,最终导致铬离子析出量超标。The over-proof of chromium ions released from 430 ferritic stainless steel utensils was found during heavy metal migration test.The corrosion susceptibility of the 430 ferritic stainless steel samples was evaluated by electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation method.And the corrosion morphology,microstructure,distribution of carbon and chromium elements of the samples were analyzed by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy.The results show that the improper heat-treatment of the 430 ferritic stainless steel utensils during the production process led to the generation of impurity carbide segregation and residual martensite.Then the galvanic corrosion happened in the corrosive medium,and eventually resulted in the emanation quantity over-proof of chromium ions.

关 键 词：铁素体不锈钢 餐具 铬离子析出量 超标 碳化物 原电池腐蚀 

分 类 号：TG172.9[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]