《现代技术的一些社会意义》:马尔库塞社会批判理论的转折点  

Some Social Implications of Modern Technology:The Turning Point of Marcuse's Social Criticism Theory

作　　者：朱春艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学马克思主义学院,沈阳110819

出　　处：《科学技术哲学研究》2016年第4期73-78,共6页Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目(15ZDB052);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(10YJA720045);辽宁省社科基金项目(L14BZX008);辽宁省教育厅科学研究项目(wt2013005);东北大学"陈昌曙技术哲学发展基金"研究项目(00000047103117/002)

摘　　要：《现代技术的一些社会意义》是马尔库塞于1941年在美国写成的一篇文章。马尔库塞在文中把"技术"看成一个社会过程,它不仅包括工艺器械要素,还包括参与使用机器的个人以及指导机器运行和使用的社会群体这一人的要素。技术的内涵具有多层次性,它既是一种生产方式,也是一种组织、维持或改变社会关系的方式。现代技术的广泛应用促成了"理性"的分化,将技术理性延伸至生产、生活和意识形态等社会各领域,导致现代大众出现和社会官僚体制形成,以及大众文化对社会的全面控制。《现代技术的一些社会意义》预示着马尔库塞的社会批判理论在研究主题上,由一般意义上的文化批判转向技术文化批判。对技术的批判不仅把马尔库塞与法兰克福学派其他代表人物的社会批判理论区分开来,也为马尔库塞日后提出对技术进行美学改造的思想埋下了伏笔,成为马尔库塞社会批判理论的新贡献。Some Social Implications of Modern Technology is a paper of Marcuse written in 1941 in the United States. In this paper, Marcuse took technology as a social process, which includes not only such material elements as craft and instrument, but also the element of man-the individual involved in the use of machine and the social group who guides the operation and use of the machine. The connotation of technology is multi-leveled. It is a means of production, and also a way of organizing, maintaining or transforming social relations. The wide use of modem technology has facilitated the differentiation of rationality, extended technology to all social areas such as production, life and ideology, and led to the emergence of modem mass and the formation of social bureaucracy, and the full control of society by popular culture. Some Social Implications of Modern Technology indicates that Her- bert Marcuse＇ s social criticism has turned from cultural criticism in the general sense into criticism of technological culture in particular. The criticism to technology not only separates Herbert Marcuse＇ s critical theory of society from those of the other representatives of the Frankfurt School, but also set up for the aesthetic transformation of technology proposed by Marcuse later. This is a new contribution of Marcuse＇ s social criticism.

关 键 词：现代技术 社会批判理论 技术文化 

分 类 号：G05[文化科学]