烟秆还田对烟草生长、产量、质量及病毒病发生的影响  

Effects of Tobacco Stalk Returning on Growth,Yield,Quality and Virus Disease Occurrence of Tobacco

作　　者：闫宁[1] 郭东锋[2] 姚忠达[2] 窦玉青[1] 张忠锋[1] 刘新民[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,山东青岛266101 [2]安徽中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心,安徽合肥230088

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2016年第7期68-72,77,共6页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：中国烟草总公司科技重点项目"烤烟生产结构优化效应及关键技术研究与应用"(110201402007);安徽中烟工业有限责任公司科技计划项目"皖南烟叶生产GAP管理模式研究"(2014124);"皖南烟叶生产等级结构优化技术研究"(2014125)

摘　　要：通过田间试验研究了烟秆还田对烟草生长、产量、质量及病毒病发生的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,烟草秸秆还田略微提高了烟草病毒病的发病率和病情指数,略微降低了烟草株高、茎围、节距、叶数、叶长、叶宽、根鲜重、茎鲜重、叶鲜重、整株鲜重以及烤烟的产量、产值、均价、上等烟比例、上中等烟比例和感官评吸质量,略微降低了叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、光饱和点(LSP)、表观量子产量(AQY)、Rubisco最大羧化速率(Vcmax)和Ru BP再生最大速率(Jmax),但略微提高了烟草叶片的胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和光补偿点(LCP)。因此,烟草秸秆直接还田并不是一种恰当的方式,烟草秸秆必须经过充分腐熟后再施入到烟田中。The effects of tobacco stalk returning on the growth,yield,quality and virus disease occurrence of tobacco were studied through a field test. The results showed that： in comparison with the check（ CK）,tobacco stalk returning slightly increased the incidence and disease index of tobacco virus disease,slightly decreased the plant height,stem girth,knob distance,leaf number,leaf length,leaf width,fresh root weight,fresh stem weight,fresh leaf weight and total plant fresh weight of tobacco,slightly reduced the yield,output value,average price,first-class proportion,both first-class and medium-class proportion,and sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco,and slightly lowered the net photosynthetic rate（ Pn）,stomatal conductance（ Gs）,transpiration rate（ Tr）,light saturation point（ LSP）,apparent quantum yield（ AQY）,maximum carboxylation rate of Rubisco（ Vcmax） and maximum rate of Ru BP regeneration（ Jmax）,but slightly increased the intercellular CO2concentration（ Ci） and light compensation point（ LCP） of tobacco leaves. Thus,directly returning tobacco stalk to field is not a proper way,and tobacco stalk shall not be returned to field until they are decomposed thoroughly.

关 键 词：烟草 烟草秸秆还田 生长特性 光合作用 产量 质量 

分 类 号：S572.05[农业科学—烟草工业]