采前套袋对黄肉桃货架期果皮超微结构的影响  

Effect of preharvest bagging on ultrastructural changes of yellow-peach pericarp during shelf-life

作　　者：周慧娟[1] 叶正文[1] 王戈[2] 苏明申[1] 杜纪红[1] 李雄伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院林木果树研究所,上海201403 [2]上海交通大学分析测试中心,上海200240

出　　处：《果树学报》2016年第8期1000-1006,共7页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家桃产业技术体系(项目编号:CARS-31);黄桃果皮结构与其贮运特性相关性研究【上海市农委青年基金;项目编号:2015(1-12)】;上海市果业产业技术体系(上海市农委项目编号:2121316)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨黄肉桃采后果皮衰老期间细胞器的变化规律和细胞水平的衰老特征及其与果实耐贮性的相关性,为鲜食黄桃品种的改良和贮运技术的研究提供一定的科学依据和实践指导。【方法】以耐贮性较强的‘沪454’和耐贮性略差‘锦绣’黄桃为试材,利用透射电镜观察货架期间2个黄桃品种果皮细胞壁、有色体、嗜饿颗粒和线粒体的超微结构及其变化规律。【结果】随着贮藏时间的延长和果实的衰老,黄桃果实果皮细胞壁变形,部分降解,结构松散,细胞间隙增大;果皮有色体中嗜饿颗粒数目增多,后期嗜饿颗粒数目减少但体积增大,有色体中片层类囊体膜结构瓦解、变形;嗜饿颗粒数目的增多和个体的增大与果实的耐贮性有密切相关;果皮线粒体结构变得模糊,线粒体变形、拉长,内基数目减少,结构解体出现空洞;果皮中线粒体的衰老进程迟于有色体;‘沪454’黄桃果皮有色体和线粒体较‘锦绣’黄桃稳定。【结论】2个品种黄桃果皮中细胞超微结构及其稳定性与果实耐贮性密切相关。果皮组织细胞的超微结构变化可导致组织细胞功能衰弱和丧失,加速果实的衰老。[Objective] This study was designed to research ultrastructural changes such as the cell walls, mitochondrion, osmiophilic globules and chromoplast of yellow-peach pericarp which were stored at room-temperature, and to explore the aging characteristics of the cellular level and the relationship with the storage characteristics of yellow-peach pericarp after postharvest. All of the above was performed in order to research the effects of preharvest bagging on ultrastructural changes of yellow-peach and to pro- vide a certain scientific basis and practical guidance for fresh peach variety improvement and technology research. With the progress of transmission electron microscopy （SEM） technology and the study of cell ul- trastructure in-depth, electron microscopy （SEM） technology has been widely applied in fruit trees. The cell walls, mitochondrion, osmiophilic globules and chromoplast of two varieties of yellow-peach pericarp were observed by transmission electron microscopy in this study. [Methods] The pericarp of the ＇Hu454＇ and ＇ Jinxiu＇ yellow-peach was selected as material for this study. A total of 600 ＇ I-Iu454＇ and ＇ Jinxiu＇ yellow peaches were harvested respectively from the experimental orchard of the Shanghai Academy of Ag- ricultural Sciences in Shanghai. The fruit was immediately moved to the analysis lab within 30 rain and placed at 20 ℃ for 2 h. Maturity was assessed on a sample of the fruit that were similar in size, skin color and absence of mechanical damage, and then randomly divided into four groups, and then packed with bubble nets into plastic crates, and stored at （25＋2） ℃ and 75%-80% humidity. The yellow-peach peri- carp was taken at intervals of 2, 4, 6 and 8 d and stored at room-temperature. The ultrastructural changes were determined by JEM21200EX SEM, Six fruits were randomly taken from each group, then peeled from the cross area of the equator and ordinate with a surgical blade, the thickness of each peel was 0.1 cm, and the area was 0.05 cruX0.05 cm. Th

关 键 词：黄肉桃 超微结构 嗜饿颗粒 有色体 线粒体 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]