玉米秸秆生物炭对暗棕壤性质和氮磷吸附特性的影响  

Effects of Corn Straw Biochar on Properties of Dark Brown Soil and Adsorption Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Dark Brown Soil

作　　者：尹秀玲[1] 张璐[1] 贾丽[1] 徐聪珑 张文卿[1] 谢忠雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学环境与资源学院,长春130021

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2016年第4期439-445,共7页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2009ZX07208-006-01-01)

摘　　要：玉米秸秆生物炭在增加土壤肥力、促进作物生长特别是在控制氮磷面源污染方面具有重要作用。以玉米秸秆为生物质材料,在450℃碳化温度下制备了玉米秸秆生物炭,并将玉米秸秆生物炭以不同比例与暗棕壤混合,玉米秸秆生物炭所占质量比分别为0,0.5%,1%,2%,培养30 d后进行土壤基本理化性质测定和对氮磷的模拟吸附试验。结果表明:添加玉米秸秆生物炭能够加深暗棕壤颜色,提高暗棕壤有机质、全氮、全磷以及有效氮、速效磷的含量。可用Lagergren准一级动力学方程拟合添加玉米秸秆生物炭暗棕壤对氮磷的吸附动力学过程;可用Langmuir方程拟合添加玉米秸秆生物炭暗棕壤对氮磷的吸附热力学过程。随着玉米秸秆生物炭添加量的增加,暗棕壤对氮磷的吸附速率常数增大,对氮磷的饱和吸附量增加,对氮磷的固定能力增强。Corn straw biochar is of great significance in increasing soil productivity, promoting crop growth and controlling nitrogen and phosphorus pollution. In the study, corn straw biochar was prepared under carbonization temperature of 450℃ using corn straw as biomass material, then mixed with dark brown soil in different proportions （the ratio of corn straw biochar mass occupied in the soil was 0, 0. 5%, 1% and 2%, respectively）. After training 30-days, basic physical and chemical properties of the soil samples were determined. At the same time, adsorption properties of four kinds of soil on nitrogen and phosphorus were studied through laboratory simulation. The results showed that adding corn straw biochar enhanced soil color, improved soil organic matter, total nitrogen, to- tal phosphorus, available nitrogen and phosphorus content. Lagergren quasi first order kinetics equa- tion was fitted to describe nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption kinetics and langmuir equation was fitted to describe adsorption thermodynamics of nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil added corn straw biochar. Adsorption rate constant and saturated adsorption amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in- creased obviously in the soil with the increase of corn straw biochar. Furthermore, fixation capacity of the soil on nitrogen and phosphorus was enhanced when corn straw biochar was added.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆生物炭 暗棕壤 氮 磷 吸附特征 

分 类 号：X131.3[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S156[农业科学—土壤学]