生物多样性保护优先区人类干扰遥感监测与评价方法  

Assessment Method and Application of Human Disturbance by Remote Sensing in the Biodiversity Conservation Priority Area

作　　者：刘慧明[1] 刘晓曼[1] 李静[1] 蔡明勇[1] 王桥[1] 裴亮[2] 申文明[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部卫星环境应用中心,北京100094 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2016年第8期1103-1109,共7页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"生物多样性保护与濒危物种保育技术研究及示范"(2012BAC01B08);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51309211)

摘　　要：本文利用遥感数据时空分辨率高、覆盖面积大、获取便捷的特点,构建优先区人类干扰状况的评价指标体系和计算方法,提取人类干扰类型的空间分布数据,借助地理信息系统的空间分析功能对人类干扰数据进行栅格运算,建立生物多样性保护优先区人类干扰指数(Human Disturbance Index),定量评价了优先区内人类干扰程度的空间分布特征及动态变化,并以桂西黔南生物多样性保护优先区为例进行了方法验证。结果表明,该方法能有效地进行优先区内人类干扰状况定量评价,数据易获取、过程易操作,具有较强的业务推广价值。生物多样性保护优先区人类干扰指数定量评价方法的建立,可为优先区制定合理、有效的保护措施,为优先区保护和日常监管提供技术支持。In China, the biodiversity conservation priority area is an ecological protection system that promotes and enhances the ecosystem and biodiversity. Methods, which are based on the remote sensing data with a high temporal/spatial resolution and wide coverage and are designed for the supervision of human disturbance in the biodiversity conservation priority area, are currently expected to be established. The quantification and specialization of human activity intensity are the key issues for a supervision system to the environmental protection department on biodiversity conservation. Human disturbance index was proposed to achieve the fast dynamic monitoring of biodiversity conservation priority area. Through establishing the new index system and assessment method, and extracting and calculating the spatial distribution data by raster calculation function of geographical information system, the degree of human disturbance and dynamic change is assessed by the proposed index system using the GIS method. Firstly, according to the necessity of supervising the biodiversity conservation priority area, the classification system for human disturbance was established to describe its type and spatial pattern. Secondly, the human disturbance index system, which was derived from the classification data, was established to achieve a deeper level of assessment on human disturbance. Then, in order to determine the level of human disturbance, the model and method for disturbance assessment of biodiversity conservation priority area was established. The human disturbance index （HSI） was calculated based on the main monitoring index. The five-level disturbance assessment was used to differentiate the disturbance degree. Finally, the biodiversity conservation priority area in western Guangxi and southern Guizhou was taken as a case study to validate the proposed method. The results revealed the potential of this method to be applied to various biodiversity conservation priority areas. This method and technique process can provid

关 键 词：生物多样性保护优先区 人类干扰指数 监测与评价 桂西黔南 

分 类 号：Q16[生物学—普通生物学]