曲轴偏置式三缸机的平衡性理论分析与研究  

Theoretical Analysis of Balancing of The Offset Crankshaft 3-Cylinder Engine

作　　者：唐瑞东[1] 徐玉梁[1,2] 祖炳锋[1,2] 刘捷[2] 郝长利[2] 李德胜[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学机械工程学院,天津300072 [2]天津大学内燃机研究所,天津300072

出　　处：《内燃机工程》2016年第4期92-96,共5页Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering

基　　金：国家"八六三"高技术研究发展计划项目(2014AA041501)

摘　　要：为研究曲轴偏置式发动机的平衡性,应用数学几何理论推导并改进了传统曲轴偏置式发动机曲柄连杆机构的运动学解析方程。基于改进的解析方程对偏置式三缸发动机的平衡性进行分析研究,推导出应用单轴平衡与曲轴过量平衡方法完全平衡一阶往复惯性力矩的平衡轴与平衡重布置相位计算公式;应用虚拟样机技术,对采用同一套曲柄连杆活塞组的偏置式三缸机和对心式发动机的平衡性进行对比分析验证。研究结果表明:曲轴偏置未改变三缸发动机平衡性但平衡相位发生了改变,改进的平衡理论可以准确描述曲轴偏置发动机运动规律,新的平衡方法可以实现一阶惯性力矩的全平衡,相比传统平衡方案提高了剩余往复惯性力矩幅值的均匀性,最大幅值减小约14.5%。In order to study the balance of offset crankshaft engine, a new equation was derived from the traditional one for the kinematics analysis of piston-crank system. Which was performed on a 3-cylinder engine with single crankshaft and excessive counterweight to calculate the phase relationship between the balance shaft and the counterweight; for balancing the first order reciprocating inertia moment, and the virtual prototyping technology was used to compare the performance of the conventional inline engine to that of the offset crankshaft engine with same piston-crankshaft assembly. The results show that crankshaft offset does not change the engine balance but change the balance phase. The new method can exactly express the piston movement of offset crankshaft engine and realize the full balance of the first order reciprocating inertia moment, reducing the amplitude of remaining, reciprocating inertia moment by 14. 5 % as compared to the traditional approach.

关 键 词：内燃机 曲轴偏置 三缸发动机 平衡分析 一阶惯性力矩 

分 类 号：TK402[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]