资源贫乏企业应对环境剧变的拼凑过程研究  

The Bricolage Process of Resource-poor Firms in Response to Environment Changes

作　　者：苏芳[1] 毛基业[2] 谢卫红[3,1] 

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学大数据战略研究院 [2]中国人民大学商学院 [3]广东工业大学管理学院

出　　处：《管理世界》2016年第8期137-149,共13页Journal of Management World

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71320107005);广东省哲学社会科学规划项目(GD15YGL04);中国博士后科学基金项目(2016M590762)的资助

摘　　要：拼凑(bricolage)这一理论概念特指企业凑合着运用手边资源把握新机遇或者解决新问题的即刻行为。资源贫乏企业往往只能运用手边资源(拼凑)来应对环境剧变。已有新创企业拼凑行为的研究虽然探究了拼凑方式、目的和对象,也强调了拼凑的过程性,但三者之间相对割裂,一方面难以体现拼凑的动态性,而且"拼凑究竟是如何发生的"也没有回答清楚,另一方面也没有阐明拼凑如何影响应对环境剧变的过程。本案例研究通过深度解剖一家离岸软件外包企业成功应对国际金融危机所带来的急剧市场萎缩,构建了资源贫乏企业应对环境剧变的三阶段拼凑过程模型,并识别出两种拼凑活动:基于经验的拼凑和基于战略匹配的拼凑。本研究的理论贡献在于完善并深化了拼凑的内涵、及其过程、类型和应用情境。Bricolage refers to applying combinations of resources at hand to grasp opportunities and solve new problems. Resource-poor firms usually could only make use of resources at hand to respond to environment changes. Although prior research on entrepreneurship has explored various modes, purposes and objects of bricolage, and emphasized its procedural nature. But these three aspects were examined separately and in isolation. As a result, the dynamic nature of bricolage and the impact of bricolage on the process of responding to environmental jolts are overlooked. Nor do we understand how bricolage takes place. Through analyzing an offshore outsourcing vendor that successfully dealt with the drastic decline of overseas market, this case study built a three-stage model of bricolage for responding to environment changes, and identified two approaches of bricolage, which were based on prior experience or alignment with strategy,respectively. Theoretical contributions of this study include the elaboration of bricolage 's nature and process, and the expansion of their application to a new context.

关 键 词：环境剧变 拼凑 离岸软件外包 

分 类 号：F272[经济管理—企业管理]