基于农户调研的中国农村居民点空心化程度研究  

Rural Household Survey Based Analysis of Hollowing of Rural Residential Land in China

作　　者：宇林军[1] 孙大帅[2] 张定祥[3] 郑博[2] 韩乐然 宇振荣[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所,北京100101 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100083 [3]中国土地勘测规划院,北京100035

出　　处：《地理科学》2016年第7期1043-1049,共7页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金："十二五"土地资源调查评价--土地基础数据库整合集成与共享平台建设项目(DCPJ131707-01);中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所所长青年基金资助项目(Y5SJ1100CX)资助~~

摘　　要：基于中国范围的乡村人居环境调研数据,分析了中国农村宅基地空心现象。结果表明:1中国农村宅基地空心化严重,93.5%的调研村庄有空心化现象,平均空心化率达到10.2%。2省域农村宅基地空心化差异明显,其中华北、华东、华中地区普遍较高;3多种因素导致农村宅基地空心化,认为是"外出务工"、"户口迁移"、"房屋年久失修"及"一户多宅"的受访者分别占39.94%,19.51%,25.73%和14.82%。4中国农村空心化宅基地再利用潜力巨大,但再利用难度大,需要从改革城乡二元体制和乡村空间重构的角度进行空心村整治。As urbanization in China has increased rapidly in recent decades, large numbers of people have moved from rural areas to urban areas in China. As a result, a great number of rural residential land are abandoned or inefficiently used, which becomes a serious problem in China. Based on the data from a nationwide rural ecological landscape survey, called＂thousand villages survey＂, this study analyzes the status, change modes, causes and the reuse potential of hollowing of rural residential land. Major conclusions of this study are as following： 1） Village-hollowing has been a universal phenomenon in China rural areas, where 93.5% villages have this phenomenon. The average hollowing rate of rural residential land of the surveyed villages is about 10.2%, and 14.9% rural residential land is inefficiently utilized. Therefore, village-hollowing now becomes a great challenge to rural development. 2） The hollowing rate of rural residential land varies significantly across space, where villages in north central and eastern China usually have higher hollowing rates. Therefore, it is an urgent demand to formulate regionally differentiated management and reutilization solutions of rural settlement. 3） There are many reasons related to village hollowing. The survey shows that 39.94% surveyed people believe that rural labor migration is the major reason to village hollowing. 19.51% surveyed people accuse the reason to urbanization of rural people. 25.73% surveyed people think dilapidated houses lead to village hollowing and 14.82% surveyed people trend to believe＂One household, multiple housing lands＂cause village hollowing. 4） It is large of potential to reuse the idle and abandoned rural housing land to meet future residential land demands from newly increased rural population, although it＇s difficult and costly. The survey shows that rural people have strong wills to reutilize the hollowing rural residential land. 34.22% surveyed people choose to change the hollowed rural residential land to public green s

关 键 词：农村居民点 农村宅基地 空心村 农户调研 城镇化 农村人口迁移 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]