食物交换份法联合仿真食物模型在糖尿病患者饮食教育中的应用  

The application of food exchange method combined with simulated food model in the diet education in patients with diabetes mellitus

作　　者：黄燕红[1] 

机构地区：[1]信宜市人民医院内分泌综合科,广东525300

出　　处：《齐齐哈尔医学院学报》2016年第17期2162-2164,共3页Journal of Qiqihar Medical University

基　　金：茂名市科技局基金资助项目(编号20150335)

摘　　要：目的探讨食物交换份法联合仿真食物模型在糖尿病患者饮食教育中的应用效果。方法纳入100例于2013年6月至2014年12在我院接受糖尿病教育的2型糖尿病患者,并将其随机均等分为对照组和观察组各50例,对照组按传统健康教育方式进行,观察组在传统健康教育的基础上以仿真食物模型为教具,联合食物交换份法,利用多媒体集体授课、食物模型演示、个别指导及专家咨询,为患者的不同需求提供信息支持。比较患者在受教育前和接受教育后两组患者间的体重、血压、血脂、血糖等的变化情况。结果两组患者在接受教育后血甘油三脂、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖和糖化血红蛋白均有下降,且均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),而实验组的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖和糖化血红蛋白下降幅度均比对照组大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与传统的教育方式相比,食物交换份法联合仿真食物模型的教育形式,结合了理论和实践,避免理论知识的灌输,注重培训对饮食控制的具体操作技能,让患者有较多的体验和实践机会,更容易被患者理解、接受和应用于实际饮食,能够有效地改善患者的糖脂代谢。Objective To investigate the application effect of food exchange method combined with simulated food model in the diet education in patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods A total of 100 cases of diabetes mellitus patients,who received diabetes education in our hospital from June 2013 to December 2014,were drawn into the study. And they were randomly divided into control group and experimental group,with 50 patients in each group. Control group was educated by traditional way. The observation group was educated by using food simulation model combined with food exchange method on the basis of the traditional health education,by using multimedia for collective teaching,individual guidance and expert consultation and provided different information support to satisfy patients＇ needs. Then the changes of the body weight,blood pressure,blood lipid,blood glucose and so on were compared between the two groups before and after education. Results Triglyceride,fasting blood glucose,2- hour post- meal blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin of two groups patients＇ were significantly decreased after they received education（ P〈0. 05）. Compared with the control group,the declines of fasting blood glucose,2- hour post- meal blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin of the experimental group were significant larger（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusions Compared with the traditional diet education mode,the educational form of the food exchange method combined with simulation model,which combines theory and practice,avoids the instill into of theoretical knowledge,pays attention to the specific operational skills training of diet control,so that patients can more easily understand,accept and easy to use in the actual diet,and it can effectively improve the metabolism of patient＇s glucose and lipid.

关 键 词：食物交换份法 仿真食物模型 糖尿病 饮食教育 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]