秸秆还田配施肥料及腐熟剂对土壤酶活性及小麦产量的影响  

Effects of Straw Returning with Fertilizer and Decomposition Inoculants on Soil Enzyme Activity and Yield of Winter Wheat

作　　者：李国阳 燕照玲[2] 李仟[3] 卫丽[3] 关小康[3] 王同朝[3] 

机构地区：[1]河南省扶沟县农业局农技推广中心,河南扶沟461300 [2]河南省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所,河南郑州450002 [3]河南农业大学农学院/河南粮食作物协同创新中心,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2016年第8期59-63,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B08);国家自然科学基金项目(31471452)

摘　　要：通过2 a的小麦—玉米轮作田间定位试验,探讨秸秆还田不施肥（CK）、秸秆还田＋化肥（SF）、秸秆还田＋化肥＋HM腐熟剂（SFD）、秸秆还田＋化肥＋有机肥（SFM）对小麦收获期土壤酶活性及小麦产量的影响,以期确定最佳的秸秆还田配施处理。结果表明：SFM和SFD处理的土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶活性高于CK和SF处理;SFM和SFD处理土壤碱解氮、速效磷含量高于CK和SF处理,总体以SFD处理效果最佳;各处理小麦产量表现为SFM〉SFD〉SF〉CK,SFM、SFD处理之间差异不显著,两处理小麦产量较SF处理增加8.42%~12.69%（2013年）、8.21%~14.14%（2014年）,基础地力对小麦产量的贡献率表现为SFM，Through two years of wheat-maize rotation field location test,four treatments were applied namely straw returning without fertilizer as control( CK),straw returning with chemical fertilizer( SF),straw returning with chemical fertilizer and HM straw-decomposing inoculants( SFD),straw returning with chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer( SFM),and the effect of the above straw returning treatments on soil enzyme activity and winter wheat yield were studied,so as to determine the optimal straw returning treatment. The results showed that soil invertase,urease and alkaline phosphatase activities of SFM,SFD treatments were significantly higher than that of SF and CK treatments. Soil available nitrogen,available phosphorus contents of SFM,SFD treatments were higher than that of SF and CK treatments,and on the whole the most was SFD treatment. The order of wheat yield was SFM > SFD > SF > CK,there was no significant difference between SFM treatment and SFD treatment,they were 8. 42% —12. 69%(2013),8. 21% —14. 14%( 2014) higher than that of SF treatment. The contribution rate of soil fundamentalfertility for wheat yield showed FM < SFD < SF. The way of straw returning with organic fertilizer and straw-decomposing inoculants could effectively increase the fertility of soil and wheat yield,recede the contradiction between the depleting and nourishing of soil fertility in the short term,play a promote role in the sustainable development of farmland.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 小麦 腐熟剂 有机肥 土壤酶活性 产量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]