电动汽车振动能量回收悬架及其特性优化  

Energy Regenerative Suspension and Its Performance Optimization for Electric Vehicle

作　　者：许广灿 徐俊[1,2] 李士盈 曹秉刚[1,2] 惠越[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学机械工程学院,西安710049 [2]西安交通大学机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2016年第8期90-95,共6页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51405374);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2014M560763)

摘　　要：针对汽车悬架振动能量耗散、悬架阻尼特性较差的问题,提出了一种滚珠丝杠式振动能量回收悬架,实现了悬架振动能量回收。通过局部优化方法得到了变阻尼系数的悬架阻尼特性,提升了悬架性能。建立了馈能悬架的理论及仿真模型,仿真结果表明：采用路面随机高程激励,在不同路面等级下平均馈能功率为40~200 W。搭建了馈能悬架振动实验台,实验结果表明：采用电机拖动,在不同振动速度下瞬时馈能功率达到120 W。构造了悬架性能目标函数,通过控制负载阻值,用实验数据拟合得到了变阻尼系数的悬架特性。滚珠丝杠式馈能悬架不仅可以实现悬架振动能量的回收,而且可以控制负载阻值来优化悬架特性。A ball-screw energy regenerative suspension （BES） is proposed to solve the problems that the vibration energy of the automobile suspension is dissipated and its damping characteristic is poor. The BES not only realizes the suspension vibration energy recovery, but also obtains suspension damping characteristics with variable damping coefficients through a local optimization method. Hence, the performance of the BES is improved. Theoretical and simulation models of the suspension are established, and simulation results show that based on random road elevation, the average energy recovery power of the BES under different operating conditions is about 40- 200 W. A vibration test platform of the BES is set up, and test results show that when a motor is used to drive, the instantaneous energy recovery power at different vibration speeds achieves 120 W. An objective function of the suspension performance is given, and test data is fitted to obtain the variable damping coefficient of the BES through changing the load resistance. It is concluded that the BES not only recycles the vibration energy, but also optimizes the suspension performance by controlling the load resistance.

关 键 词：振动能量回收 被动悬架 馈能悬架 振动实验台 电动汽车 

分 类 号：U463.1[机械工程—车辆工程]