不同灌溉水质对冬小麦籽粒有机污染物含量影响的研究  

Study on the Effect of Different Irrigation Water Quality on the Content of Organic Pollutants of Winter Wheat Grain

作　　者：李艳 顾华 郝仲勇 张蕾 

机构地区：[1]北京市水科学技术研究院,北京100048 [2]北京市非常规水资源开发利用与节水工程技术研究中心,北京100048

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2016年第8期180-185,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51339007);国家科技支撑项目(2012BAD08B00);省部级项目(GZ-2015-06)

摘　　要：再生水的利用可以有效缓解我国北方水资源紧缺。分析了不同灌溉水水质对冬小麦籽粒产量和有机污染物含量的影响。主要结果和结论：不同灌溉水质条件下表层土壤有机污染物含量无显著差异;冬小麦籽粒产量处理间无显著差异。冬小麦籽粒酚类、多环芳烃（PAHs）、酞酸酯（PAEs）、多氯联苯（PCBs）、药品和个人护理用品（PPCPs）、雌激素、有机农药含量分为0.42~0.52、0.156~0.286、2.56~4.05mg/kg、0.387~0.677、4.82~6.54、0~5.57μg/kg和0~0.043mg/kg（检出率为11%）,各处理间冬小麦籽粒有机污染物含量无显著差异。冬小麦籽粒酚类、PAHs、PAEs以及PPCPs主要组分分别为总壬基酚和双酚A、苯并（g,h,i）苝和菲、邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）、醋磺胺甲恶唑和布洛芬,PCBs仅能检测出四氯联苯,雌激素仅能检测出雌酮（E1）。Reclaimed water irrigation is an effective measure to deal with water shortage in North China. In this study, the effects of different irrigation water quality on wheat grain yield and content of organic pollutants were investigated. Results showed that no sig- nificant difference for organic pollutants content in topsoil among different irrigation water quality treatments, no significant differ- ence was observed for the grain yield among different irrigation water quality treatments. For winter wheat grain, the phenolic con- tent was 0. 42~0. 52 mg/kg, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） was 0. 156~0. 286 mg/kg, phthalate （PAEs） was 2.56~ 4. 05 mg/kg, polychlorinated biphenyls （PCBs） was 0. 387~0. 677μg/kg, pharmaceuticals and personal care products （PPCPs） was 4. 82~6.54 μg/kg, estrogens was 0. 0~5.57 μg/kg, organic pesticides was 0. 0~0. 043 mg/kg （the detection rate was 11~/00）, there was no significant difference for organic pollutants content of winter wheat grain among different irrigation water quality treat ments. The main composition of phenolic, PAHs, PAEs, PPCPs of winter wheat grain were total nonylphenoi and bisphenol A （BPA）, benzo （g,h,i） perylene and phenanthrene, di-（2-ethylhexyl） phthalate （DEHP） and dibutyl phthalate （DBP）, acetylsulfame thoxazole and ibuprofen, respectively. Only tetrachlombiphenyl and estrone （E1） could be detected for PCBs and estrogens, respectively.

关 键 词：再生水 交替灌溉 冬小麦 产量 有机污染物 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学] TV212[水利工程—水文学及水资源]