交替灌溉对绿洲灌区间作小麦光合日变化的影响  

Effect of Irrigation Pattern on Photosynthetic Diurnal Changes of Intercropped Wheat in Irrigated Area in Oasis

作　　者：杨彩红[1] 柴强[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学林学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室/甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2016年第8期1028-1036,共9页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41561062;31360323;31301283);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B10);甘肃省杰出青年基金项目(111RJDA006)

摘　　要：为探讨分根区交替灌溉对玉米-小麦间作条件下小麦光合特性的影响,以常规灌溉(CW)为对照,测定和比较了低、中、高三种不同交替灌溉水平(AW1、AW2和AW3)下间作小麦叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率及气孔导度的日变化,并采用方差分析、相关分析、通径分析等方法分析了部分生态因子与净光合速率的关系。结果表明,4个处理的小麦净光合速率日变化呈双峰曲线,峰值出现在12:00和16:00,且前者高于后者,中午有光合下调现象;CW、AW3处理的蒸腾速率日变化与其光合日变化趋势基本一致,峰值也出现于12:00和16:00,AW1、AW2处理的蒸腾速率日变化均呈单峰曲线,相对滞后于其光合变化。光合有效辐射是影响不同处理间作小麦光合速率的主要环境因子,交替灌溉间作小麦净光合速率还受气孔导度和蒸腾速率的影响。此外,环境因子中,空气温度和大气相对湿度之间的互作对光合速率也有一定的影响。交替灌溉使间作小麦的光合速率并未发生明显下降,主要是通过调节小麦叶片的气孔导度来减少奢侈蒸腾,促进作物有效利用水分。In order to investigate the effects of alternative irrigation on photosynthetic characteristics of intercropped wheat, with conventional irrigation as the control, diurnal changes of photosynthetic rate （Pn） and its physio-ecological factors were measured. Direct effect and indirect effect of environmental factors on Pn were calculated with variance analysis, correlation analysis and path analysis, so as to provide scientific basis for implementation of alternative partial root-zone irrigation for wheat/maize intercropping. The results indicated that Pn under four treatments appeared as double peak curves, and the majority of peaks appeared at 12.00 and 16：00 ,and the former was higher than the latter. The photosynthesis showed ＂down ward＂ at midday. Diurnal changes of transpiration rate（Tr） in CW and AW3 treatment showed a similar trend to that of Pn. However, AWl and AW2 were expressed as a single peak curve, and Tr of AWl and AW2 treatment was relatively backward, as compared to Pn. Photosynthetic available radiation （PAR）was the major environmental factor that affected Pn of inter

关 键 词：交替灌溉 间作 小麦 光合特性 通径分析 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311