无核白葡萄不同栽培架式叶幕微气候及产量品质差异分析  

Analysis on the Canopy Microclimate and Yield and Quality of the Different Grape Cultivation Trellis in Turpan

作　　者：贾杨[1] 廖康[1] 骆强伟 孙锋 马微[1] 牛莹莹[1] 江振斌 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学特色果树研究中心,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区葡萄瓜果研究所,新疆鄯善838200

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2016年第7期1210-1216,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划项目"新疆特色果树高效安全生产关键技术集成与示范"(201130102-1);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金项目(CARS-30);新疆维吾尔自治区果树重点学科~~

摘　　要：【目的】研究吐鲁番地区无核白葡萄适宜的栽培架式,提高其产量及果实品质。【方法】测定水平棚架和两种小棚架3个处理,无核白葡萄叶幕不同部位光合有效辐射、温湿度、叶面积指数差异及果实品质及产量,分析不同架式无核白葡萄的叶幕微气候及产量品质差异。【结果】水平棚架叶幕内部各部位微环境较均匀、PAR及温度高,但是LAI低,产量较低,果实总糖含量高,VC含量高;小棚架Ⅱ叶幕内部PAR及温度较低、湿度较高,尤其架中及架根部位较为明显,果实总糖含量较低,硬度大;小棚架Ⅰ叶幕受光时间长且受光面积相对大,叶幕内部温度及湿度相对较适宜无核白生长,且整体果实品质相对较好,产量较高,但架中部位果实品质略低。【结论】栽植密度大且存在微小仰角的小棚架Ⅰ,较适宜吐鲁番地区无核白葡萄的栽培。【Objective】In order to explore the suitable cultivation of trellis system of Thompson seedless in Turpan area and improve the yield and the quality of the fruit.【Method】Horizontal trellis and two kinds small trellis were selected,PAR,temperature and humidity,LAI and fruit quality and yield were determined from May to August.【Result】The results showed： the frame surface internal microenvironment of horizontal trellis of each part was more uniform,the PAR and temperature were high,but LAI and yield were low. And the fruit total sugar content and VC content were high; The frame surface internal microenvironment of small trellis II was PAR and the temperature was low,but humidity was high,especially the middle of flame and root of flame were obvious,and fruit total sugar content was low,fruit firmness was big; Small trellis I canopy light time was long and the light receiving area was relatively large,so the canopy internal temperature and humidity were relatively suitable for the growth of Thompson seedless grapes. And what is more,the whole fruit quality was relatively good,the yield was higher,but the quality of the fruit was slightly lower in the middle of the frame.【Conclusion】In conclusion,the more suitable environment for cultivation of Thompson seedless in Turpan area is small trellis I,which has bigger planting density and existing small elevation.

关 键 词：无核白葡萄 架式 叶幕微气候 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]