中国城镇化的环境影响及其区域特征  

Environmental influences and regional features of China's urbanization

作　　者：王奇[1] 李明全[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境科学与工程学院

出　　处：《城市问题》2016年第8期23-31,104,共9页Urban Problems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41471465)--我国地区间经济关联的隐含大气污染转移及补偿机制研究:基于多地区投入产出分析

摘　　要：以2003-2008年中国287个城市为研究对象,构建了城镇与农村人均污染排放差异的计量模型,分别从全国及区域两个层面分析了人口城镇化对环境的影响。全国层面的结果表明,研究期间城镇人均污染排放高于农村。分区域研究的结果表明,人口城镇化的环境影响具有显著的空间差异:东部地区人口城镇化对环境的影响最小,西部地区影响最大。基于此,根据城镇化的不同空间路径,就实现新型城镇化的发展目标对环境的影响进行了情景分析,并提出了相应的政策建议。This essay sets up a econometric model on the difference of per capita pollutant emissions between rural and urban. Taking a sample of 287 cities during the period of 2003 to 2008, it quantitatively measures the influence of urbanization on environmental pollution from both the national and regional level. Results show that the per capita emission in the rural are- as is lower than that in the urban areas at the level of national wide. Analysis on the regional level shows that there are tremen~ dous environmental influence differences of urbanization among regions. Urbanization in eastern region has the smallest environ- mental influence while in western region has the largest. Based on this, it carries out scenario analysis on the environmental in- fluence of different pathways towards realizing the urbanizatiorl goals. Finally, policy suggestions of environmental friendly ur- banization are put forward.

关 键 词：城镇化 环境增量影响 区域特征 

分 类 号：F299.21[经济管理—国民经济] X22[环境科学与工程—环境科学]