辣木危险性害虫辣木瑙螟Noorda blitealis研究初报  

A preliminary study on dangerous pest of Moringa——Noorda blitealis Walk

作　　者：李召波[1] 夏涛[1] 田洋 段波[3] 李海泉[3] 张祖兵[3] 张永科[3] 高熹[1,2] 李强[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南辣木研究所,云南昆明650201 [3]云南省热带作物科学研究所,云南景洪666100

出　　处：《生物安全学报》2016年第3期199-203,共5页Journal of biosafety

基　　金：云南省辣木研究所项目;2015年农业国际交流与合作项目

摘　　要：【背景】辣木瑙螟是在我国辣木上新发现的一种小蛾类害虫,主要以幼虫取食叶片为害,严重时可将叶片全部取食。目前该虫在我国云南省已有分布,对辣木产业威胁极大。【方法】通过室内试验、田间调查和收集整理辣木瑙螟相关资料,研究并总结了辣木瑙螟的寄主植物、地理分布、形态特征、部分生物学特性、危害和发生情况。【结果】人工饲养与初步观察显示,辣木瑙螟幼虫期约16.17 d,蛹期约10.25 d,从初孵幼虫到成虫共需约26.42 d。在云南省元江县的调查结果显示,辣木被害株率达94%以上,单株虫量最高达302头·株-1,经常采收的地块枝被害率达80.80%、被害指数达0.54,受害程度显著高于未采收地块。【结论】关于辣木瑙螟的年生活史、世代数、危害损失、防治方法等方面尚待进一步研究。随着辣木种植面积的扩大,其他与辣木种植环境相似的地区也可能有辣木瑙螟的分布。因此,需采取系统调查和大田普查的方法加强监测,防止该虫蔓延。【Background】Noorda blitealis Walk is a small moth pest newly discovered on Moringa trees. Its larvae mainly feed on leaves,and whole branches of Moringa tree become defoliated during severe damage periods. It was recently found in Yunnan Province in China,and now greatly threatens the Moringa industry. 【Method】Data about N. blitealis,its host plants,geographical distribution,morphology,some biological characteristics,damage,and occurrence were collected through laboratory experiments,field investigation,and literature review.【Result】Preliminary observations of artificial rearing of the larvae of N. blitealis showed that the insect took about 26.42 days from egg hatching to adult emergence,with a total larval duration of 16.17 days and a pupal period of10.25 days. The results of field investigation indicated that the number of larvae was high and the damage was very serious. In Yuanjiang county of Yunnan Province,the percentage of damaged trees were over 94%,and the maximum number of pests in one tree reached at 302. Statistics revealed that 80. 80% of branches were infested,and damage index was 0. 54 in the plots that were frequently harvested. The extent of the damage was significantly higher in the plots than the non-harvested plots.【Conclusion】Further studies on its life cycle,generation span,damage losses,control methods need to be carried out. With the increasing commercited planting scale of the Moringa,this pest may spread to other similar locations. Systemic investigation and field surveys and monitoring are needed to prevent the spread of this pest.

关 键 词：辣木 害虫 辣木瑙螟 初报 

分 类 号：S763.7[农业科学—森林保护学]