人群密度对行走速度及步长影响的试验研究  

Experimental study on the influence of the crowd density on walking speed and stride length

作　　者：谢信亮[1] 季经纬[1,2] 王增辉[1] 禄利刚[1] 杨少凡[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学安全工程学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国矿业大学煤矿瓦斯与火灾防治教育部重点实验室,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2016年第4期232-235,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71173215);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2011217);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目

摘　　要：针对现有的疏散基本参数不符合我国人群特征、导致模拟计算结果及相关法律和技术规范不准确这一现状,以大学生为研究对象,设计人群密度对行走速度及步长的影响试验。试验采用轻质框架固定人群密度的方法,测量2~8人/m^2的人群密度下,人群行走100m所需时间及步数,并计算人群的平均行走速度及步长。对获得的数据进行拟合,分析得到了人群密度对行走速度及步长的影响规律。结果表明,当人群密度小于4人/m^2时,人员的行走速度及步长基本保持不变,约为1.4 m/s和0.75 m,当人群密度超过4人/m^2时,人员的行走速度及步长快速下降,最低约0.4 m/s和0.2 m。当人群密度超过4人/m^2时,行走速度及步长与人群密度之间分别符合二次函数和线性函数关系。The paper is about a study of the influence of the passenger density on the speed of the moving speed and the pace length in a public place. In light of the current research status,we have done an experimental study of the college student activity area in hoping to find the influence of the passenger density on the movement speed and their pace length. As a matter of fact,we have found that the actually existing basic parameters of the evacuation are not in conformity with the characteristic walking features of the student population in the college,which may result in the inaccuracy of the simulation results,which tends to be related with the legal and technical standards. Therefore,the given study tends to orient our study focused on the passenger density with a method known as a light weight frame. For example,if we measure a time of the subjects to be tested by asking them to move 100 meters in a range of the passenger density of 2-8 persons / m2,and then account their average movement speed. To obtain the average pace of their movement,we have taken a pedometer in the said experiment. And,next,we have been trying to conduct their moving process on the data we have gained from the experiment. In summary,we have analyzed the walking features and the effects of the passenger density on their moving speed.Through the above-mentioned experiments,we have gained the following results： when the passenger density is less than 4 person / m2,the movement speed and their pace length tends to keep on almost the same,that is,about 1. 4 m / s and 0. 75 m. However,if the density is over 4 persons / m2,their movement speed tends to decline obviously,with the minimal limit of 0. 4 m / s,with the pace average falling from 0. 75 m to 0. 2 m. Therefore,a regularity can be found with the increase of the crowd density,that is,the movement speed and the pace length can be found almost the same at the first,with declining first quickly,and then turning to be slower,eventually. The aforementioned regularity proves similar to that of

关 键 词：安全工程 人群密度 行走速度 步长 试验研究 

分 类 号：X912.9[环境科学与工程—安全科学]