菌斑生物膜产碱代谢与龋病  

Relationship of alkali production by plaque biofilm and dental caries

作　　者：周双双[1] 郑欣[1] 周学东[1] 徐欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室华西口腔医院牙体牙髓病科(四川大学),成都610041

出　　处：《国际口腔医学杂志》2016年第5期573-577,共5页International Journal of Stomatology

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2012BAI07B03);国家自然科学基金(81170959;81200782);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20120181120002)~~

摘　　要：口腔微生态内酸碱代谢是调控口腔微生态平衡的重要因素,影响着微生物群落组成和菌斑生物膜形成。菌斑生物膜的产碱代谢可能阻碍产酸耐酸菌在低p H值环境中获得优势地位,恢复并维持微生态平衡;同时也直接升高微生态内p H值,遏制牙表面脱矿。菌斑生物膜主要的产碱活动包括精氨酸脱亚胺酶系统介导的精氨酸代谢和尿素酶介导的尿素水解反应。精氨酸代谢可抑制生物膜中产酸菌生长,促进产碱共生菌生长,促进龋状态下的口腔微生态恢复平衡。尿素代谢可抑制龋病发生,含产碱底物的口腔卫生护理产品具有良好的龋病防治效果。本文就近年来菌斑生物膜的产碱代谢及其与龋病关系等研究进展作一综述。Alkali production within oral microecology is necessary to modulate the balance of the microenvironment, which influences the configuration and characteristics of the oral microflora. Alkali production impedes the predominance of acidogenic and aciduric bacteria in a low-pH microenvironment and restores micro-ecological balance. Alkali production directly increases environmental pH, attenuates demineralization, and promotes tooth surface remineralization. Alkali production is mainly attributed to microbial arginine metabolism mediated by the arginine deiminase system and urea hydrolysis. Arginine metabolism prevents the growth of acid-generating bacteria but stimulates the growth of alkali- producing bacteria; thus, the restoration of microbial disequilibrium in a cariogenic biofllm can be facilitated. Similar caries resistance has been observed in a population with increased urea metabolism. In vivo and in vitro data have indicated that the regulation of microbial alkali production represents a promising ecological approach to caries management. This paper aims to review current studies on the alkali production within oral biofilm, to elucidate the effects of alkali production on microbial ecology, and to describe the onset/progression of dental caries.

关 键 词：龋病 菌斑生物膜 口腔细菌 产碱代谢 

分 类 号：R781.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]