氨基酸δ^(13)C在关键种鳀鱼食物链中的示踪研究  

Study on δ^(13) C of Amino Acids Tracing in the Food Chain of the Key Species Engraulis japonicus

作　　者：刘海珍[1,2] 罗琳[1] 刘道辰[2] 蔡德陵[3] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学资源与环境学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]聊城大学环境与规划学院,山东聊城252059 [3]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《核农学报》2016年第10期2005-2011,共7页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40276046);国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(G19990437)

摘　　要：为了解关键种鳀鱼食物链的氨基酸营养流动机理,采用活体生物对黄东海食物网关键种食物链的中下营养层次"浮游植物-中华哲水蚤-鳀鱼"进行受控试验研究,培养50d后,对采集样品做生物整体(组织)碳稳定同位素值(δ^(13)C)和12种氨基酸δ^(13)C值测定分析。结果表明,3种样品中12种单体氨基酸的δ^(13)C值模式相似,三者氨基酸δ^(13)C值平均变化幅度均较大;整体生物或组织δ^(13)C值顺序为:鳀鱼肌肉>中华哲水蚤>小球藻;营养层次间必需氨基酸δ^(13)C值相关性强,非必需氨基酸δ^(13)C值相关性较弱;各营养层次生物样品间,必需氨基酸δ^(13)C分馏值(Δδ^(13)C)跟0‰无显著差异,非必需氨基酸Δδ^(13)C值与0‰有较大偏差。由此可知,模拟食物链必需氨基酸传递效率高,非必需氨基酸来源复杂,可能来自自身合成、直接食物转移等途径。本研究为采用氨基酸δ^(13)C进行食物网营养生态学研究提供了参考依据。In order to learn the amino acid flow mechanism in the food chain of key species Engraulis japonicus,living organisms were applied to perform an indoor study on the intermediate and lower trophic levels of key species food chain in the food web of the Yellow Sea and East China Sea,i. e.,＂phytoplankton-Calanus sinicus-Engraulis japonicus＂.After conducting a cultural experiment for 50 days,carbon stable isotope values（ δ^13C） of the bulk tissue and 12 kinds of amino acids were determined to track the transfer process of amino acids（ AAs） in the food chain. The results showed that δ^13C values of the amino acids had similar patterns for the three samples,but the mean δ^13C value presented a relatively large variation range; for δ^13C value of the bulk issue,the three samples followed the order of Engraulis japonicus muscle 〉Calanus sinicus〉 Chlorella. The δ^13C value of essential amino acids（ EAAs） displayed a strongly linear relationship between trophic levels,whereas those of non-essential amino acids（ NEAAs） showed a weak correlation; between organisms of each trophic level,δ^13C fractionation factor（ Δδ^13C） value of EAAs was not significantly different from 0‰（ P〉 0. 05）,while obvious deviation from 0‰（ P〈 0. 05） was observed for Δδ^13C value of NEAAs. Thus can know that transfer and transformation efficiencies of EAAs were high in the food chain,and there were diversified NEAA sources for the consumers,including their autosynthesis,direct food transfer and other means.This study provided a reference for investigating the nutritional ecology of food web by virtue of amino acid δ^13C.

关 键 词：氨基酸δ^13C 食物链 黄东海生态系统 鳀鱼 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]