铜绿假单胞菌D1产鼠李糖脂及降解原油效果  

Pseudomonas aeruginosa D1: rhamnolipid production and crude oil degradation

作　　者：张翠坤[1] 杨白雪[1] 常冬妹[1] 杨洪江[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学工业微生物教育部重点实验室天津市工业微生物重点实验室,天津300457

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2016年第4期697-702,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31370205)资助~~

摘　　要：铜绿假单胞菌是生物表面活性剂鼠李糖脂最主要的生产菌株,对石油增溶、降解有很好的效果.从轻质原油样品中富集分离获得菌株D1,利用CTAB-亚甲基蓝平板法初步确定该菌株可以合成鼠李糖脂,分析其16S rRNA基因序列确定菌株D1属于铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa).以菜籽油和甘油为碳源,菌株D1能够分别合成18.4 g/L和11.4 g/L鼠李糖脂.分析菌株D1可利用碳氢化合物种类,发现在以原油和柴油的培养基中,D1细胞数量分别增加了39.2倍和33.9倍.在10 d培养过程内,菌株D1能够分解基本培养基中33.3%的原油.相同时间内,补加0.5 g/L的甘油,菌株D1能够分解培养基中71.8%的原油.上述表明菌株D1能够合成鼠李糖脂和有效地降解原油,在石油污染的生物修复方面具有较好的应用潜力.Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the main rhamnolipid producing strain used in crude oil degradation..Strain D1 was first isolated from light crude oil samples by an enrichment method. It was further confirmed producing rhamnolipid on CTAB （cetyltrimethylammonium bromide） methylene blue plate. With 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain D1 was identified belonging to the species Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Using rapeseed oil and glycerol as carbon sources, strain D1 was able to yield 18.4 g/L and 11.4 g/L rhamnolipid, respectively. Different hydrocarbons were evaluated as carbon source for the growth of strain D1. In the presence of crude oil and diesel, DI cell concentrations increased by 39.2-fold and 33.9-fold, respectively, in minimal medium cultures. Within 10 d incubation, strain D1 degraded 33.3% crude oil in the complex minimal medium, but 71.8% crude oil under the same condition with supplement of 0.5 g/L glycerol. Our results showed that the isolated strain D1 could synthesize a relatively high level of ramnolipid and efficiently degrade crude oil. It would have a promising potential in bioremediation of crude oil contaminated environments.

关 键 词：铜绿假单胞菌 鼠李糖脂 原油降解 碳氢化合物 菜籽油 甘油 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]