活性炭表面性质对其控制超滤膜不可逆污染的影响  

Effect of PAC Properties on Control of Ultrafiltration Membrane Irreversible Fouling

作　　者：王灿[1] 王美莲[2] 杨海燕[2,3] 瞿芳术[2] 吕谋[1] 徐叶琴 李圭白[2] 

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,山东青岛266033 [2]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [3]广东粤海水务股份有限公司,广东深圳518021

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2016年第17期23-28,共6页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2015M581453)

摘　　要：不可逆污染是影响超滤技术在水处理领域推广的重要因素。选取三种粉末活性炭A、B、C作为吸附剂进行膜前预处理后,通过进行浸没式超滤膜污染试验,考察活性炭吸附对超滤膜不可逆污染的控制作用,并分析活性炭的物理化学性质及其对天然有机物的吸附效果与控制不可逆膜污染之间的关系,探讨活性炭吸附前处理对不可逆膜污染的影响机理。试验表明,活性炭吸附对超滤膜不可逆污染有一定的控制作用,三种活性炭对不可逆膜污染的控制效果为A≈B>C;而三种活性炭对原水中有机物的吸附效果顺序为A>B>C,说明活性炭对水中天然有机物的整体吸附性能并不能完全反映其控制不可逆膜污染的效果。进一步分析活性炭理化性质后发现,针对东江原水,活性炭的比表面积、中孔结构以及表面酸性和碱性基团的数量,均影响活性炭吸附前处理控制不可逆膜污染的效果。Irreversible membrane fouling is one of the primary concerns for ultrafiltration applica- tion in drinking water treatment. Three types of powdered activated carbons （PAC） namely A, B and C were employed as adsorbents before ultrafiltration treatment. The control of ultrafiltration membrane irre- versible fouling by PAC adsorption was investigated in immersed ultrafihration membrane fouling experi- ments. The relationships between the control of ultrafiltration membrane irreversible fouling and the phys- ical and chemical properties of PAC as well as the removal of natural organic matter （NOM） were ana- lyzed to investigate the effect of PAC adsorption on control of ultrafiltration membrane irreversible fouling. The results showed that PAC adsorption could control ultrafihration membrane irreversible fouling to a cer- tain extent. The effect of the three types of PAC on controlling uhrafihration membrane irreversible foul-ing was in the order of A ≈ B 〉 C, while the effect of the three types of PAC on adsorption of NOM was in the order of A 〉 B 〉 C, which showed that the total adsorption of natural organic matter in water by PAC could not fully reflect its effect on control of the irreversible membrane fouling. Further study showed that the physical （ surface area and mesopores） and chemical （ acid and alkali group） properties of PAC were critical factors for irreversible fouling control.

关 键 词：粉末活性炭 吸附 超滤膜 不可逆污染 天然有机物 

分 类 号：TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程]