基于网格标识匹配的位置隐私保护方法  

The Method of Location Privacy Protection Based on Grid Identifier Matching

作　　者：张少波[1,2] 刘琴[3] 王国军[1,4] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学信息科学与工程学院,长沙410083 [2]湖南科技大学计算机科学与工程学院,湘潭411201 [3]湖南大学信息科学与工程学院,长沙410082 [4]广州大学计算机科学与教育软件学院,广州510006

出　　处：《电子与信息学报》2016年第9期2173-2179,共7页Journal of Electronics & Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61472451,61272151,61402161);中南大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2016zzts058)

摘　　要：在基于位置的服务中,基于可信第三方模型是当前位置隐私保护中的主要模型,但该模型存在一定的隐私泄露风险。该文提出一种基于网格标识匹配(GIM)的位置隐私保护方法,用户首先将查询区域划分为网格,并结合保序对称加密和K匿名技术,在匿名器形成K匿名,然后利用网格标识匹配返回查询结果给用户。在查询的过程中,匿名器并不知道用户的具体位置,加强了该模型中用户位置的隐私保护。同时中间匿名器仅进行简单的比较和匹配,有效缓解了匿名器的性能瓶颈问题。安全分析表明该方法能有效保护用户的位置隐私;并且通过实验验证该方法能有效减小匿名器的处理时间开销。The model based on fully-trusted third party is a major model for location privacy protection in location-based services, but the model has some risk of exposing privacy. In this paper, a location privacy protection method based on Grid Identifier Matching （GIM） is proposed. In this method the user first divides the query area into grid and combines the order-preserving symmetric encryption and K-anonymity mechanism. Then, the K-anonymity paradigm is formed in anonymizer. Finally, the query results are returned to users by utilizing GIM. In the query process, the anonymizer dose not have any knowlegdge about a user＇s real location, which can enhance the user＇s location privacy. Meanwhile, the anonymizer only does simple comparison and matching operations, which relieves effectively is performance bottleneck of the anonymizer. Security analysis shows that the proposed approach can effectively protect the user＇s location privacy. Experimental evaluations show that the proposed approach can decrease processing time overhead of the anonymizer.

关 键 词：位置隐私 网格标识匹配 保序对称加密 K匿名 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]