晚播对怀牛膝群体的调节效应研究  

Effect of Plant Density on Population Growth of Late Sowing Achyranthes bidentata

作　　者：王丰青[1] 杜家方[1] 李烜桢[1] 张雪丽[1] 高勇[1] 张宝堂[1] 张重义[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院/河南省高校中药资源开发与利用工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450002 [2]福建农林大学中药材GAP研究所,福建福州350002

出　　处：《中国现代中药》2016年第9期1167-1171,共5页Modern Chinese Medicine

基　　金：河南省教育厅科学技术研究项目(15B360002);河南鑫合实业发展有限公司开放课题(X20140520)

摘　　要：目的:分析晚播对怀牛膝群体的调节效应,考察不同密度对牛膝农艺性状、生物量和根解剖结构的影响。方法:采用完全随机区组实验设计,以地方品种风筝棵为材料,设置5种密度处理。结果:适当密植有利于牛膝株高的增加,稀植利于牛膝根系生物量所占的比重。随着密度的增加,单株根、茎和叶的生物量均逐渐降低,单位面积根、茎、叶生物量有增加的趋势。密度为1 080 000株·hm^(-2)的处理单位面积牛膝根生物量最大,为125.67 g·m^(-2)。主根长度和直径随密度的增加而降低,侧根数随着密度的增加逐渐减少,主根质量比则随密度的增加逐渐增加。5种处理的牛膝主根次生木质部和次生韧皮部差异不明显,密度小的牛膝主根三生维管束圈数较多。结论:在大田生产上晚播时应适当提高种植密度以利于主根产量的增加。Objective： To investigate the effect of plant density on agronomic characteristics, biomass and anatomical structure of local Achyranthes bidentata cuhivar （ Fengzhengke）. Methods： An experiment based on completely randomized block design with five planting densities and three replications was conducted. Results： Appropriately increasing plant density might improve A. bidentata plant height, while appropriately reducing plant density could increase root/shoot ratio. Under the five treatments, dry weight of A. bidentata root, stem and leaf per plant decreased but per unit area increased with improving plant density. Field data showed that plant density significantly influenced root morphology. With the increase of the plant density, length and diameter of A. bidentata main root decreased, lateral root number reduced. There were no difference on secondary xylem and secondary phloem of A. bidentata main roots among the five plant density. However, the circles of tertiary vascular bundles were less in main roots of low density. Conclusion： With late sowing, highly main root yield of A. bidentata can be acquired by appropriately improving its planting density.

关 键 词：怀牛膝 密度 农艺性状 生物量 解剖结构 晚播 

分 类 号：R454.2[医药卫生—治疗学]