不同耕作播种方式对油菜生长发育和产量的影响  

Effects of Different Tillage and Sowing Methods on Growth and Yield of Rape

作　　者：黄寿辉 杨特武[2] 龙凌云[1] 毛立彦[1] 李建强[1] 温立香[1] 冯春梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所,南宁530001 [2]华中农业大学

出　　处：《农业研究与应用》2016年第4期23-28,共6页Agricultural Research and Application

摘　　要：为推进油菜产业的精简化栽培进程,开展了油菜免耕机播(NTMS)、免耕人播(NTHS)和旋耕机播(RTMS)、旋耕人播(RTHS)4种耕作、播种方式的对比实验,探讨不同耕作、播种方式对油菜生长与产量的影响,为稻-油轮作油菜免耕直播种技术体系奠定理论基础。实验结果如下:不同耕作播种方式对油菜生长的影响差异不显著,免耕人播油菜6叶期株高、主根长、倒4叶长、倒4叶宽、绿叶数、SPAD及成熟期单株干重均较大且很稳定。4种耕作播种方式的产量均达到了传统栽培模式的水平;大小顺序为:旋耕人播﹥免耕人播﹥旋耕机播﹥免耕机播;菜籽含油率,旋耕人播﹥免耕机播﹥免耕人播﹥旋耕机播。In order to boost the process of simplified cultivation way of rape industry, we carried out a set of contrast experiments by four sowing methods, including no-tillage mechani- cal sowing, no-tillage artificial sowing, rotary tillage mechanical sowing and rotary tillage artificial sowing to study the effects of different tillage and sowing methods on rape growth and yield, therefore established the theoretical basis for rape no-tillage direct sowing. The experimental results show that： The impact of different cultivation and sowing methods on rape growth was not remarkable. In the experiment of no-tillage artificial sowing, the plant height, taproot length, the length and width of the 4^th leaf from the bottom, number of green leaf and SPAD of rape at the 6^th leaf stage, and the dry weight per plant at the mature stage were all large and stable. The yields under the four cultivation and sowing methods have all reached the level of that under the traditional cultivation method. The order of the yield was under rotary tillage artificial sowing 〉 no-tillage artificial sowing 〉 rotary tillage mechanical sowing 〉 no-tillage mechanical sowing; and the order of the rapeseed oil content was under rotary tillage artificial sowing 〉 no-tillage mechanical sowing 〉 no-tillage artificial sowing 〉 rotary tillage mechanical sowing.

关 键 词：油菜 轻简化种植 免耕机播 免耕人播 旋耕机播 旋耕人播 产量 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]