从反预期标记到话语标记--论“但是”的语用功能及演变  

From Counter-Expectation Marker to Discourse Marker:On the Pragmatic Function and Evolution of “danshi”

作　　者：曾君[1] 陆方喆[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学文学院,湖北武汉430072 [2]华中师范大学文学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《语言科学》2016年第4期391-400,共10页Linguistic Sciences

摘　　要："但是"的语用功能之一是表达反预期信息,为反预期标记。同时,"但是"也具有话语标记功能。"但是"作这两种标记分别有不同的句法语义特征,其话语标记功能是反预期标记进一步语法化的结果。其中,"但是"在口语中的高频使用是再语法化的动因,隐喻和泛化是主要机制,句法位置是有利条件。As a counter-expectation marker, one of the pragmatic functions of ＂danshi＂ （但是） is to express counter-expectation information. Meanwhile, the word ＂danshi＂ is also a discourse marker. Based on the different semantic and syntactic features of ＂danshi＂ as a counter-expectation marker and discourse marker, we argue that the DM ＂danshi＂ is the result of further grammaticlization of the CE marker ＂danshi＂. The high frequency of occurrence of ＂danshi＂ in spoken language is the dynamic force of its further grammacticalization, and metaphor and generalization are the major mechanisms, and its syntactic position is the advantageous prerequisite.

关 键 词：“但是” 语用功能 再语法化 

分 类 号：H136[语言文字—汉语]