基于激光位移传感器的城市轨道交通车辆轮对尺寸在线检测系统  

Online Measurement System of Urban Rail Transit Wheel Set Size Based on Laser Displacement Sensor

作　　者：李海玉 程晓卿[2] 苏钊颐 邢宗义[2] 王晓浩[2] 王贵[2] 

机构地区：[1]广州地铁集团有限公司,广州高级工程师510308 [2]北京交通大学轨道交通控制与安全国家重点实验室,北京100044

出　　处：《城市轨道交通研究》2016年第9期10-14,共5页Urban Mass Transit

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB1200402)

摘　　要：车轮磨损是城市轨道交通日常运营的一大安全隐患。提出了一种基于2D激光位移传感器的列车轮对尺寸在线测量的新方法,阐明了该测量方法的系统构成及在线测量原理。系统由两组激光位移传感器和两组激光对射开关组成,通过激光位移传感器测量轮对外形轮廓线,然后根据踏面几何关系得到轮缘高、轮缘厚尺寸值;提取同一车轮通过该在线测量系统时传感器输出的各时刻轮缘顶点坐标,经时空还原将轮缘顶点变换到同一时刻的轮缘顶点圆上;通过最小二乘拟合圆得到车轮直径。现场试验结果表明,该轮对尺寸在线测量系统能满足轮对尺寸的现场实际测量要求,为轮对尺寸在线非接触式测量提供了一种新的解决方案。Rail transit wheel wear has become increasingly prominent in daily operation. A new method with train on- line measurement of wheel size based on 2D laser displace- ment sensor is proposed, the system configuration and the online measurement principle are illustrated. The system consists of two laser displacement sensors and two laser beam switches, which are used to measure the contour of the wheelsets, get the rim height and rim thickness dimen- sion based on the tread surface geometric relationship, and extract the sensor outputs about rim vertex coordinates based on the same wheel when the train passes through the system at different moments. The time and space reduction transformation of the rim vertex coordinates from different moments is used to obtain a series of points on the rim ver- tex circle. Finally, the wheel diameter is calculated by the least squares method. The field test results show that the online measurement system of wheel size can satisfy the ac- tual site measurement requirements, and provides a new so- lution to the online non-contact measurement of wheel size.

关 键 词：城市轨道交通车辆 轮对尺寸 激光位移传感器 在线测量 

分 类 号：U270.331.1[机械工程—车辆工程]