19世纪下半叶俄国近东外交--伊格纳季耶夫外交活动与思想评析  

Diplomacy of Russia in the Near East in the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century——An Analysis of the Diplomatic Activities and Thoughts of Nikolai Ignatiev

作　　者：陈金鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学历史文化学院、欧洲文明研究院,天津300387

出　　处：《经济社会史评论》2016年第3期107-116,共10页Economic and Social History Review

基　　金：天津师范大学校博士基金项目“近代俄国文明史观研究”(52WW1108)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：19世纪下半叶,面对克里米亚战争后的不利局面,伊格纳季耶夫通过多种手段提高俄国在土耳其的影响力,在与西方国家的较量中试图消除克里米亚战争对俄国的限制,努力扩大俄国对巴尔干斯拉夫民族的影响。《圣斯蒂法诺条约》的签订使其外交生涯走向顶峰,获得了国内舆论的广泛支持,也使俄国一度重新成为近东国际关系的重要角色,但泛斯拉夫主义的外交思想与当时俄国的实力并不相符,故而伊格纳季耶夫的外交生涯也走向终点。回顾这一段历史,对于理解俄国传统外交策略不无裨益。In the face of the unfavorable situation after the Crimean War, Nikolai Ignatiev improved the influence of Russia in Turkey through a variety of means, attempted to eliminate the restrictions of the Crimea war on Russia by western countries and expanded the infl uence of Russia on Balkan nations in the second half of the nineteenth century. Treaty of San Stefano is the peak of Ignatiev's diplomatic career. It not only won broad support of the domestic public opinion in Russia, but also made Russia an important role once again in international relations in the Near East. His PanSlavism diplomatic thoughts were not consistent with the strength of Russia at that time, therefore his diplomatic career was coming to an end. By reviewing the history, it is beneficial for us to understand the traditional diplomatic strategy of Russia.

关 键 词：巴尔干半岛 俄土关系 《圣斯蒂法诺条约》 泛斯拉夫主义 

分 类 号：D851.2[政治法律—政治学]