小型河流泛滥平原生态蓄洪措施设计  

Ecological Floodwater Storage Design for a Floodplain of a Small River

作　　者：贾宁凤[1] 王雪[1] 王晓军[2] 王嘉维[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学黄土高原研究所,山西太原030006 [2]山西大学环境与资源学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2016年第4期41-45,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目"黄土高原荒溪近自然治理的土壤-植被水文生态作用研究"(41201277)

摘　　要：[目的]在保证防洪和尽量不影响现有土地利用和水工设施的前提下,设计一系列措施将洪水重新引入泛滥平原,促进泛滥平原蓄集洪水,使得水资源配置更加合理。[方法]结合当前的河流整治工作,通过影像分析、实地调查等方法,依据生态学的理论进行生态蓄洪设计研究。[结果]以山西省宁武县恢河的一个泛滥平原为例,提出泛滥平原分洪网的生态蓄洪设计,具体包括浅滩深潭序列渠、池塘链分洪渠、分洪出入口等措施,将河道中的洪水引入泛滥平原并蓄集下来,尽可能地恢复泛滥平原的蓄水功能,调节河流流量、消洪减灾。[结论]泛滥平原分洪网设计符合河流生态系统自然规律,在保证经济、社会发展的前提下,最大程度地发挥小型河流泛滥平原的生态效益,重视发挥小型河流的生态蓄水功能,恢复健康的河流和流域。[Objective] Designing a series of measures to bring the floodwater back to the floodplain on the premise of guaranteeing flood control, no destroy to current land use and hydraulic facilities in order to accelerate storing floodwater on the floodplain and make the water resource allocation more reasonable. [Methods] According to the ecological theories, the ecological floodwater storage design was carried out on the base of current river improvement work by image analysis and field investigation. The design core was floodplain water diversion net for a floodplain of Huihe river in Ningwu County of Shanxi Province. [Results] It contains measures such as pool ＆ riffle sequences, chain of ponds and passageways of flood diversion. It can bring the floodwater into the floodplain and store the water under the ground to recover the water storage function on floodplain as far as possible, and to adjust the river discharge and weaken the flood. [Conclusion] Floodplain water diversion net design conforms to the natural law of the river ecosystem. It can give furthest play to ecological benefits on the premise of economic and social development, to protect the ecological water storage function for small rivers, and to recover healthy rivers and watersheds.

关 键 词：泛滥平原 分洪网 生态设计 洪水利用 

分 类 号：TV85[水利工程—水利水电工程] X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]