从民间到舞台——建国初期(1949—1966)潮州音乐变迁的历史叙事  

From Folk Music to National Stage Show:A Narration of the Historical Change of Chaozhou Music in the Early Period of New China(1949—1966)

作　　者：潘妍娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州大学音乐舞蹈学院

出　　处：《民族艺术研究》2016年第4期117-124,共8页Ethnic Art Studies

基　　金：广东省学科建设专项资金2013年育苗工程项目<潮州音乐在当代的舞台化变迁研究>课题编号2013WYM_0069;广州市教育科学"十二五"规划青年项目<高校本土传统音乐教育的"话语转换"问题研究>课题编号12A033;2014年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目<岭南传统音乐文化地理研究的理论与实践>课题编号14YJA760021;2011年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目<潮州大锣鼓民间音乐活动实况采集与研究>课题编号11YJA760007;2012年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目<生态美学视域中的广东音乐>课题编号12YJC730048~~

摘　　要：中华人民共和国成立之初,轰轰烈烈的全国文艺汇演为传统潮州音乐拉开现代变迁的序幕,在国家的主导之下,作为中国地方传统音乐之一的"潮州音乐",首次从民间原生语境中登上了全国文艺汇演的舞台。大规模的文艺汇演促成了潮州市民间音乐团的成立,不同社会阶层的民间艺人被整合为"民间艺术家",第一次接触到国家关于民族音乐发展的新观念。在国家"新民族音乐"发展观的影响下,一场由文化局内人对于潮州音乐传统的自觉挖掘与改造的工作由此展开。原本生活性、民俗性与自娱性的音乐在乐队配置、演奏方式和曲目创作上,开始出现对舞台表演要求和学院化技术的追求,随之产生了一批不仅是潮州音乐的,同样也是中国民族音乐的保留曲目。回溯这段历史,我们发现五十年代初潮州音乐的舞台化变迁既是地方艺人群体与国家互动的结果,也是主流音乐观与地方传统音乐观念互动的结果,这为我们今天认识潮州音乐这一地方乐种在20世纪下半叶的变迁提供了历史的参照。The vigorous and spectacular National Arts Festival held shortly after the founding of People＇s Republic of China can be seen as the prelude to the modern development of Chaozhou music. It was the first time for Chaozhou music, one type of Chinese traditional folk music, to come out from protogenous context and be performed on the national stage. Large - scale joint performance led to the establishment of Chaozhou folk music troupe, and thus folk artists of different social classes are integrated and they for the first time learned the new ideas of national development of folk music. Influenced by the ideas of national development of ＂new folk music＂, people working in the cultural field embarked on conscientious exploration and refor- mation of Chaozhou music. The original music with the properties of folk life and self - entertainment began to raise stage performance standard and pursue academic technology in terms of music band configuration, playing modes and composition. As a result, a number of Chaozhou music works as well as Chinese folk mu- sic repertoire were produced. Looking back at the history of Chaozhou music developing from folk music to national stage show, we find that the change of Chaozhou music in the early 1950s was not only the result of the interaction between local artists and the national government, but also the result of the interaction between the mainstream views of music and local traditional views of music, and this provides a historical reference for us to understand the change of Chaozhou music in the second half of the 20th century.

关 键 词：潮州音乐 舞台 变迁 历史 叙事 

分 类 号：J607[艺术—音乐]