航空发动机整流罩新型防冰方法  

A new anti-icing method for an aero-engine nose cone

作　　者：宣益民[1] 连文磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学航空发动机热环境与热结构工业和信息化部重点实验室,南京210016

出　　处：《科学通报》2016年第25期2843-2850,共8页Chinese Science Bulletin

摘　　要：在一定的飞行条件和气象条件下,航空发动机的进气部件会出现结冰现象,导致发动机性能恶化甚至危及安全.目前,防止发动机结冰的方法主要包括压气机热气防冰和电加热防冰,不可避免地要消耗用于做功的高压空气或高品位电能.本文开展利用发动机废热防止整流罩结冰的高效低能耗的新型防冰方法研究.提出了一种旋转整流罩热管防冰系统结构,建立了描述旋转整流罩热管防冰系统流动与传热现象的数学模型与设计方法,研制了典型旋转整流罩热管防冰系统原理样机;系统地开展了旋转整流罩热管防冰系统性能的数值模拟和冰风洞条件下样机防冰性能的实验验证,分析研究了发动机转速和传热量等因素对发动机整流罩热管防冰系统性能的影响.结果表明,本文建立的旋转整流罩热管防冰性能模型可以较好地预测防冰系统的性能,建立的防冰样机满足设计气象条件下的防冰要求,证明了旋转整流罩热管防冰技术的可行性.Ice accretion may occur on the entry components of an aero-engine under certain weather and flight conditions, which would lead to the deterioration of the engine performance and even severe safety problems. Anti-icing systems have been used including hot air anti-icing system, which consumes high pressure air from the compressor, and electronic heating system, which consumes high grade electronic energy. Compared with the traditional anti-icing methods, an efficient and low energy consumption anti-icing technique based on the rotating heat pipe（RHP） has a great advantage and good application potential, which utilizes the waste heat of the aero-engine. Until now, however, the mechanism of the heat transfer in a RHP has not been clearly revealed yet, due to the complexity of the two phase flow and phase change process occurred in the RHP, which makes it difficult to establish the design method for the aero-engine anti-icing system based on a RHP. Furthermore, the feasibility of the anti-icing system based on a RHP has not been confirmed by experiments. Therefore, the present work is focused on the theoretical and experimental investigations on the rotating nose cone anti-icing technique based on a RHP, in order to explore the two phase flow and heat transfer mechanism of such an anti-icing system, and to reveal the effects of different parameters on the performance of the system, which may provide the theory basis for the design of the nose cone anti-icing system based on a RHP. Furthermore, it is expected that the feasibility of the anti-icing system based on a RHP can be confirmed by the experiments on a prototype, providing the basis for the engineering applications. In this study, a nose cone anti-icing structure based on a RHP has been proposed, and the mathematical model based on the complete Navier-Stokes equations was established to explore the details of fluid flow and heat transfer in the anti-icing system. The volume of the fluid（VOF） model was employed for the simulation of two phase flow, and

关 键 词：旋转热管 整流罩 防冰 数值模拟 冰风洞实验 

分 类 号：V233.94[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]