木香薷叶表皮毛的类型、分布及腺毛的分泌过程  

Type and Distribution of Trichomes on the Leaf Epidermis of Elsholtzia stautonii and the Secreting Process of the Glandular Trichomes

作　　者：周秀梅[1] 刘会超[1] 李保印[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院园艺园林学院,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《园艺学报》2016年第8期1555-1565,共11页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：河南省科技计划项目(132102310255);河南教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(12A220001)

摘　　要：采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜及Neu’s试剂染色法结合荧光显微观察,研究了木香薷叶表皮毛的类型、分布及腺毛分泌过程中外部形态的变化和分泌黄酮类物质的过程。结果显示:(1)木香薷叶表皮有腺毛和非腺毛。腺毛包括盾状腺毛和头状腺毛。成熟的盾状腺毛头部较大,呈盾状,直径为(68.14±0.84)μm。成熟的头状腺毛头部较小,呈半圆球形,直径为(17.57±0.48)μm。非腺毛包括乳突状毛、分枝状毛和管状毛。(2)叶片远轴面和近轴面均有表皮毛分布。腺毛在远轴面分布较多,近轴面较少;盾状腺毛主要分布在远轴面,头状腺毛则两面均有分布。非腺毛在叶表皮两面均有分布,以叶脉周围、叶片边缘和基部分布较多。(3)成熟腺毛的分泌物储存于其头部外皮下的间隙,随着分泌物的增加,外皮凹陷或破裂,释放出分泌物,腺毛溃落。(4)盾状腺毛和头状腺毛均能分泌黄酮类物质,随着腺毛的发育成熟,黄酮类物质逐渐积累于腺毛头部,随后释放出来。The types,distribution of trichomes on the leaf epidermis and the change of external morphorlogy during secreting process of the glandular trichomes on the leaf epidermis of Elsholtzia stauntonii Benth.were investigated,and the fluorescence intensity change during the process of secreting flavonoids were observed by means of optical microscopy,scanning electron microscope and fluorescence nucriscipe with Neu＇s reagent staining.The results showed that：（1） E.stauntonii possesses glandular trichome and non-glandular trichome on the leaf epidermis and glandular trichome includes capitate and peltate glandular ones.A maturing peltate glandular trichome had a larger and shield-shaped head,（68.14±0.84） μm in diameter,while a matured capitate one had a smaller and hemispherical-shaped head with a diameter of（17.57±0.48） μm.Non-glandular trichome includes mastoid,ramose and tubular nonglandular trichome.（2） Trichomes were distributed both on the abaxial and adaxial leaf epidermis of E.stauntonii,the abaxial epidermis was with more glandular trichomes than the adaxial one,and the peltate glandular trichomes were mainly distributed on the abaxial surface and the capitates were distributed in both surfaces of the leaves.While non-glandular trichomes were distributed on both leaf surfaces and more were found around the veins,along the leaf margin and at the base of blade.（3） Secretions from the glandular trichomes stored in the space between cytoderm of secretory cells and head cuticle.The pressure to the head cuticle increased with the secretions accumulating,which led to the head cuticle depressed or ruptured and the secretions released,at last the glandular trichomes broke down.（4） Both peltate and capitate glandular trichomes can secrete flavonoids.With the glandular trichome development and maturation,the flavonoids were accumulated gradually in the head,and then released to the external space.

关 键 词：木香薷 腺毛 分泌 黄酮类物质 

分 类 号：S685.99[农业科学—观赏园艺]