微秒级脉冲电场下剩余污泥中微生物细胞的破解特性  

Release Behavior of Organic Matters from Microorganism Cells Within Excess Sludge Under Microsecond Pulsed Electric Field

作　　者：高宇[1] 门业堃 张建 刘范嘉 邓永迪 王振 

机构地区：[1]天津大学电气与自动化工程学院,天津300072 [2]天津凯英科技发展有限公司,天津300384

出　　处：《高电压技术》2016年第8期2675-2682,共8页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2014CB239501;2014CB239506);国家自然科学基金(51107087;51277131);哈尔滨理工大学工程电介质及其应用教育部重点实验室基金(编号略)~~

摘　　要：为破解城市剩余污泥中的微生物细胞膜,提高污泥的厌氧消化效能。采用μs级脉冲电场对污泥试样进行处理,通过光学显微镜观察微生物细胞经脉冲电场处理后的性状变化,基于分光度法测量污泥试样的溶解性化学需氧量,分析脉冲电场参数和环境温度等因素对微生物细胞内有机成分释放程度的影响。结果表明:当脉冲电场幅值从0.588 MV/m增大至1.470 MV/m时,微生物细胞内有机成分渗出指数K提高约40倍;当温度从20℃升高至60℃时,K提高约60倍;而当脉冲电场重复频率从1 Hz增大至100 Hz时,K降低38.5%。其主要原因为,脉冲电场作用下微生物细胞膜的电穿孔现象引发了细胞内有机成分的释放,脉冲电场参数和环境温度的改变导致细胞膜电穿孔的微观物理过程发生变化,从而影响了有机成分的渗出程度。To solubilize the membrane of cells presented in excess sludge so as to improve the efficiency of anaerobic digestion, excess sludge was employed to investigate the effect of μs-pulsed electric field （PEF） on release behavior of organic matters from microorganism cells. The change in morphology was examined by an optical microscope, and soluble chemical oxygen demands（SCOD） of the sludge sample was measured to evaluate the release efficiency of the organic matters. Obtained results indicated that the release index of the organic matters increased by a factor of 40 as the field magnitude enhanced from 0.588 MV/m to 1.470 MV/m and increased by a factor of 60 when the temperature rose from 20 ℃ to 60℃. On the contrary, with the increase in frequency of PEF from 1 Hz to 100 Hz, the release index tended to decrease by 38.5%. It is suggested that the release of intracellular organic matters is due to the occurrence of electroporation on cell membrane introduced by the PEF, the behavior of which can be varied as a function of PEF parameters and ambient temperature.

关 键 词：剩余污泥 厌氧消化 脉冲电场 细胞膜电穿孔 溶解性化学需氧量 渗出指数 脉冲电场参数 温度 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]