中国“民俗学”的发现——一个概念史的探求  

The Discovery of “Folklore Study”in China: The History of a Concept

作　　者：王晓葵[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学民俗学研究所,上海200241

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第4期114-121,171,共8页Journal of East China Normal University（Humanities and Social Sciences）

摘　　要：作为民族主义建构过程的"乡土性"承载物,"民俗"与"民俗学"成为近代中国民族主义话语的一个重要组成部分。通过民族国家建构的文化理论,对这两个概念的形成过程进行梳理和分析,可以进一步反思中国民俗学学科发展的问题所在。从国际民俗学发展的实例中可以看出,民族国家的知识精英从自身的文化传统中发现维系民族国族认同的民间文化资源,并以此寻求民族国家振兴的力量源泉;而从中国的民俗学建构过程来看,作为"新国学"的"民俗"也是一种人为的建构,它并非是什么先验的存在物,并且当今非物质文化遗产保护语境下的"民俗"也正在被重构。As the embodiment of 'the native'in the construction of nationalism,'folk custom'and'folklore study'have played an important role in the nationalist discourse in modern China. By analyzing the formation process of the two concepts in the context of the cultural theory of nation-state construction,we can understand better China's folklore study as a discipline and the problems in its development. The cases of the development of international folklore tell us that intellectual elites in nation-states discover folk cultural resources which maintain the identity of nation-states from their own cultural traditions and search for the source of power to promote nation-states. As for the construction of China's folklore study,'folklore study'as a 'new study of Chinese ancient civilization'is also a product of construction instead of a transcendental being. Moreover,'folk custom'in the context of protecting intangible cultural heritage today has been reconstructing too.

关 键 词：中国民俗学 乡土 民族主义 想象 共同体 

分 类 号：K892[历史地理—民俗学]