浅谈阿是穴与“反阿是穴”  

Brief Discussion of the Origin and Development of Ashi Acupoints

作　　者：梁玲君 李良松[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学,北京100029

出　　处：《河南中医》2016年第8期1471-1473,共3页Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：北京市哲学社科规划项目(编号:11WYB015);北京市中医药文化基地项目(编号:2011-BJJD)

摘　　要：阿是穴是疼痛性疾病病变部位或附近医生触诊的感觉和患者的反应为依据选取的针刺部位,没有固定的部位和穴位名称,依据疾病的不同性质可选取多种治疗方法的腧穴。阿是穴的名称首见于唐代孙思邈撰写的《备急千金要方》。在马王堆出土的帛书中发现大量有关针灸的记载,后代医家也有人认为此时才是阿是穴及阿是之法产生的根源。《黄帝内经》是阿是穴提出的重要理论依据,医家对"以痛为腧"的认识有助于"阿是"的提出。孙思邈在不断继承前人的理论知识、收集总结社会实践经验并反复临床的基础上,创立了"阿是"之名,其在《备急千金要方》中进行了记载,可以视作是对"阿是"的定义。反阿是穴是基于《黄帝内经》的理论原则,建立在现代解剖穴的基础之上提出来的。"反阿是穴"的提出反倒可以提醒医家重新审视"阿是穴"丰富的内涵,突出了"痛"丰富的引申意,"反阿是穴"的提出恰恰可以弥补医家对于"以痛为腧"理解的局限性。Ashi acupoints are the needling areas of the diseased region of the painful disease and selected based on the sensation under the doctor＇s palpation and the reaction of the patients. Ashi acupoints have no fixed location or name. They are the points selected according to different nature of the disease. The name ＂ Ashi acupoint＂ was first seen in Important Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces for Emergency written by Sun Simiao. There were a large number of the records on acupuncture in the silk manuscripts discovered in Mawangdui. Some of the later doctors also believed that this was the origin of the ＂ Ashi acupoints＂ and the method of ＂ Ashi acupoints＂. The Huangdi＇s Internal Classics provide important theoretical evidences for the proposal of ＂ Ashi acupoints＂. The understanding of ＂ painful area is Shu＂ by the doctors is conducive to the proposal of ＂ Ashi acupoints＂. Based on the inheritance of former theoretical knowledge,collection and conclusion of social practice experience and repeated clinical application,Sun Simiao created the name ＂ Ashi acupoints＂ and recorded in the Important Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces for Emergency,which can be regarded as the definition of ＂ Ashi＂. Anti-Ashi is based on the theoretical principle of Huangdi＇s Internal Classics and proposed on the basis of modern anatomy acupoints. The proposal of ＂ Anti-Ashi acupoints＂ but expectedly reminds the doctors of reviewing the rich connotation of ＂ Ashi acupoints＂,emphasizes the rich extension in the meaning of pain,and thus exactly make up the limitation in the understanding of ＂ painful area is Shu＂.

关 键 词：阿是穴 反阿是穴 《备急千金要方》 孙思邈 

分 类 号：R224.2[医药卫生—中医基础理论]