3种挥发油对肉牛体外瘤胃发酵、甲烷生成和微生物种群的影响  

Effects of Three Kinds of Essential Oil on Rumen Fermentation,Methanogenesis and Microbiota in vitro

作　　者：王东升[1] 黄江丽[1] 于一尊[1] 圣平 张国华[1] 张志红[1] 丁建南[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西省科学院生物资源研究所,江西南昌330096

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2016年第4期711-716,共6页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260556);江西省自然科学基金项目(2010BNA09100);江西省科技支撑计划项目(20132BBF60076)~~

摘　　要：为研究不同挥发油对肉牛体外瘤胃发酵及微生物种群的影响,试验首先分析了不同水平的大蒜油、肉桂油和牛至油对瘤胃产气量及甲烷生成的影响,并筛选可降低甲烷生成量、但产气量变化不显著的挥发油添加水平(即大蒜油50 mg/L、肉桂油100 mg/L和牛至油200 mg/L)。进一步分析不同挥发油处理对瘤胃液p H值、VFA、NH_3-N和MCP浓度等发酵参数以及微生物种群数量的影响。结果显示:除了200 mg/L牛至油使VFA显著下降外(P<0.05),其余的p H值、挥发性脂肪酸、NH_3-N和微生物粗蛋白浓度等发酵参数变化不显著(P>0.05);上述剂量的3种挥发油对真菌和原虫影响不显著(P>0.05),对古菌抑制极显著(P<0.01)。所以,大蒜油、肉桂油和牛至油可以有效的降低瘤胃的甲烷产量而不影响其发酵,具有开发反刍动物瘤胃降甲烷微生态制剂的潜在应用价值。In order to study the influences of different essential oil on rumen fermentation and microbiota in vito of beef cattle,this study firstly analysed the effects of different levels of garlic oil,cinnamon oil and oregano oil on methanogenesis and gas production,and then additive levels of essential oil（ garlic oil 50 mg / L,cinnamon oil 100 mg / L and oregano oil 200 mg / L）,which reduced methanogenesis significantly and didn ＇t change gas production,were screened.Furthermore,this study analysed the effects of different essential oil treatments on the fermentation parameter,such as p H value,volatile fatty acids（ VFA）,NH3-N,microbial crude protein（ MCP） and microbial population.200 mg / L oregano oil reduced VFA concentration significantly（ P〈0.05）,p H value,VFA,NH3-N and MCP did not change significantly（ P〈0.05）.Three kinks of essential oil of above doses had not significant effect on fungus and protozoa（ P〈0.05）,and significantly inhibited the growth of archaea（ P〈0.01）.The results of this study indicated that garlic oil,cinnamon oil and oregano oil could effectively reduce rumen methane production but not impact rumen fermentation and they had the potential value of probioties to suppress rumen methanogenesis.

关 键 词：大蒜油 肉桂油 牛至油 瘤胃发酵 甲烷生产 瘤胃微生物 

分 类 号：S823.921.1[农业科学—畜牧学]