王阳明仁说的博爱理念  

The Idea of the Universal Love in Wang Yang-ming's Doctrine of Ren

作　　者：向世陵[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国学院

出　　处：《哲学研究》2016年第9期44-52,129,共9页Philosophical Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目"儒家博爱论研究"(编号13AZX011)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：由《礼记·礼运》而来的一家一人观念,在宋明时期被给予了广泛的讨论。气性之和合导出了博爱的"大家"说,而大人"以天地万物为一体"则成为王阳明仁说的中心课题。"心体之同然"与"一体之仁"相结合,并随着良知发用而呈现。博爱是有边际的,爱善是博爱的内容限定。生物之心意义上的天下一心,可以辅助发明心本论哲学的以心为本和社会人伦意义上的同心同爱。"致良知"为博爱的实现提供了最重要的心理动因,而且直接担负起了践行博爱的道德责任。生民的困苦通过"一体之仁"的心理架构而转移到我的身上,不忍人之心已转换成义不容辞的救济职责。博爱的施行并不拒绝回报,互惠是施行博爱的理想结果。The Book of Rites' s concept of one family and one man was extensively discussed from the Song through the Ming dynasties. The integration of qi and xing resulted in the doctrine of the greater family of universal love,while the great man who 'takes Heaven,Earth,and the ten-thousand things as organic whole'became the central project of Wang Yang-ming's theory. There,'the identity of the mind and body'combines with the unity of ren,which appears with intuitive knowledge. Love meanwhile has its own limits,and loving the good is the prescribed content of universal love. One-mindedness with the world in the sense of creating things can develop the theory of the mind's substance and the idea of the identity of mind and love. Practicing intuitive knowledge provides the most important psychological motivation for the realization of the universal love,and is directly charged with the moral responsibility of practicing love. The plight of the people transfers to me through the psychological structure of the unity of ren,and the sense of compassion is converted into the obligatory duty of providing relief. The implementation of universal love does not preclude the reciprocity which is the ideal result of practicing love.

关 键 词：王阳明 仁博爱 

分 类 号：B248.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]