鸡粪基质化生产有机肥的发酵剂筛选  

Screening of Fermentation Starters for Organic Fertilizer Composted from Chicken Manure

作　　者：陈继峰[1] 石礼森 刘洪源[2] 杨洁[1] 郭瑞亮[1] 陈东 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学生命科学学院,河南郑州450001 [2]郑州大学远程教育学院,河南郑州450001 [3]郑州桓通生物科技有限公司,河南郑州450008

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2016年第8期57-60,共4页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目"农作物秸秆田间快速降解及再利用研究"(13A180676)

摘　　要：为缩短鸡粪基质化生产有机肥的堆肥发酵周期,提高其产品质量,采用接种发酵剂并添加农作物有机附产物的方法研究不同菌种配伍的发酵剂（C_1、C_2、_3、C_4及C_5）对鸡粪堆肥发酵的影响。结果表明：C_3和C_4处理的各项指标均较好。其中,其发酵初始气温37℃,第2天达40℃以上,并保持高温15d以上,发酵的第18天含水量降至35%以下;pH呈下降—上升—稳定的趋势,总体稍有上升,但变化幅度不大（0～0.5）;发酵有机肥对油菜种子的发芽及生长较好,其发芽率、芽长及根长分别为100%和97.5%,15.94mm和14.57mm,45.97mm和39.44mm,市售菌剂的发芽率、芽长及根长分别为95%、14.18mm、39.03mm。有机肥的有机质含量、氮磷钾总量及pH分别为86.62%和85.17%,8.85%和8.22%,7.5和8.0,均符合行业标准NY525—2012。2种处理对新鲜鸡粪的发酵均能在20d内完成,符合规模化有机肥生产企业的生产要求。The effect of fermentation starters with different microbial combination ratios（C_1,C_2,C_3,C_4 and C_5）on fermentation of chicken manure compost was studied by inoculating fermentation starters and adding fresh rice bran to shorten compost fermentation period of organic fertilizer produced from chicken manure.Results：The indexes of C_3 and C_4 treatments are better than other treatments.The initial fermentation temperature is 37℃,and fermentation temperature from second day can keep above 40℃for15d.The moisture content at 18 th days after fermentation reduces to below 35%.The pH represents a declining-rising-stable trend,which means that pH rise slightly overall but its variation range is not obvious（0~0.5）.The germination rate,bud length and root length of rape seeds treated by the fermented organic fertilizer from C_3 and C_4 method are 100% and 97.5%,15.94 mm and 14.57 mm,45.97 mm and 39.44 mm respectively but the germination rate,bud length and root length of rape seeds treated by the market microbial agent are 95%,14.18 mm and 39.03 mm separately.The organic matter content,total N,P and K content and pH of the fermented organic fertilizers from C_3 and C_4 method are86.62%,8.85% and 7.5,and 85.17%,8.22% and 8.0respectively,which both accord with the industrial standard of NY525-2012.The fermentation process of fresh chicken manure treated by C_3 and C_4 method can complete within 20 d,which meets the demand of organic fertilizer scale production.

关 键 词：鸡粪 基质化 有机肥 发酵剂 规模化生产 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]